Climate Change Alters Timekeeping: Melting Glaciers Slow Earth’s Rotation

Climate Change Alters Timekeeping: Melting Glaciers Slow Earth’s Rotation

Climate change is not only affecting weather patterns and sea levels but also altering the way time is kept, as highlighted in a recent study published in the science journal Nature.

Effect on Earth’s Rotation

  • The study reveals that the accelerating melting of glaciers and ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica due to rising temperatures is redistributing weight across the planet.
  • This redistribution of weight is slightly slowing down the Earth’s rotation on its axis.

Consequences for Timekeeping

  • Our clocks and calendars are based on the rotation rate of the Earth, managed through Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
  • Historically, the Earth has been spinning slightly faster than normal, leading to the periodic addition of “leap seconds” to clocks worldwide.
  • Initially, plans were made to introduce a “negative leap second” in 2026 to account for this increased speed.

Revised Projections

  • However, the study suggests that the melting ice from Antarctica and Greenland has acted as a brake, slowing the rotation back down.
  • Consequently, the need for the negative leap second adjustment may be postponed until 2029 or later.

Expert Perspectives

  • Duncan Agnew, the study’s author from the University of California San Diego, highlights the unprecedented nature of these changes and their impact on timekeeping.
  • Demetrios Matsakis, former chief scientist for time services at the US Naval Observatory, remains skeptical, citing the unpredictable nature of Earth’s rotation.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. What recent study suggests the alteration of timekeeping due to climate change?
    • A) Published in a science journal Nature
    • B) Published in a climate change report
    • C) Published in a political magazine
    • D) Published in a fashion magazine
    • Answer: A) Published in a science journal Nature
  2. What is responsible for the slowing down of the Earth’s rotation, as mentioned in the study?
    • A) Accelerating melting of glaciers in Greenland only
    • B) Accelerating melting of ice sheets in Antarctica only
    • C) Accelerating melting of glaciers and ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica
    • D) Accelerating melting of icebergs in the Arctic Ocean
    • Answer: C) Accelerating melting of glaciers and ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica
  3. How do scientists manage the rotation rate of the Earth?
    • A) Through Coordinated Earth Time (CET)
    • B) Through Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
    • C) Through Coordinated Planetary Time (CPT)
    • D) Through Coordinated Timekeeping System (CTS)
    • Answer: B) Through Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
  4. What was the plan regarding the adjustment of timekeeping in 2026 before the study’s findings?
    • A) Addition of a leap second
    • B) Subtraction of a leap second
    • C) Addition of a leap minute
    • D) No adjustment required
    • Answer: B) Subtraction of a leap second
  5. Who expresses skepticism regarding the need for a negative leap second in the near future?
    • A) Duncan Agnew
    • B) Demetrios Matsakis
    • C) Chief scientist from the University of California San Diego
    • D) Chief scientist from the US Naval Observatory
    • Answer: B) Demetrios Matsakis