Rare Hemi-parasitic Plant Discovered in Phawngpui National Park, Mizoram

Rare Hemi-parasitic Plant Discovered in Phawngpui National Park, Mizoram

A rare hemi-parasitic terrestrial plant discovered in Phawngpui National Park of Mizoram. Discovered by Rabishankar Sengupta, a research scholar from the Botanical Survey of India, and Dr. Sudhansu Sekhar Dash, scientist-F & In-Charge, Technical Section, Botanical Survey of India. The plant is named Phtheirospermum lushaiorum and marks a new species to science.

Publication

  • Published in the plant taxonomy journal Phytotaxa.

Characteristics of Phtheirospermum lushaiorum

  • Hemi-parasitic plants lacking a fully developed root system.
  • Form connections with another plant to obtain water and minerals.
  • Have chlorophyll and produce food by photosynthesis.
  • Capable of limited growth in the absence of the host plant.
  • Tap into the sap-conducting tissue of the host using specialized structures called haustoria.
  • Flowering period: July to September; fruiting period: August to October.

Discovery Process

  • Discovered during a floristic survey in September 2021.
  • Found growing intermixed with other plants.
  • Initially resembled Pterygiella species but distinguished by specific characteristics.

Conservation

  • Currently known only from the type locality.
  • Specific epithet “lushaiorum” honors the Lushai tribe of Mizoram.
  • Threatened by anthropogenic and natural activities.
  • Regular field visits to motivate locals for conservation.
  • Intervention from the forest department suggested for conservation efforts.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) with Answers:

  1. What is the name of the rare hemi-parasitic terrestrial plant discovered in Phawngpui National Park?
    • A) Phtheirospermum indica
    • B) Phtheirospermum lushaiorum
    • C) Phtheirospermum mizoramensis
    • D) Phtheirospermum calcaratum
    • Answer: B) Phtheirospermum lushaiorum
  2. In which journal was the discovery of Phtheirospermum lushaiorum published?
    • A) Journal of Botany
    • B) International Journal of Plant Sciences
    • C) Phytotaxa
    • D) Journal of Plant Taxonomy
    • Answer: C) Phytotaxa
  3. What distinguishes hemi-parasitic plants like Phtheirospermum lushaiorum?
    • A) They lack chlorophyll.
    • B) They have a fully developed root system.
    • C) They obtain water and minerals from a host plant.
    • D) They cannot produce food by photosynthesis.
    • Answer: C) They obtain water and minerals from a host plant.
  4. What is the flowering period of Phtheirospermum lushaiorum?
    • A) April to June
    • B) July to September
    • C) October to December
    • D) January to March
    • Answer: B) July to September
  5. What conservation efforts are suggested for Phtheirospermum lushaiorum?
    • A) Regular watering
    • B) Anthropogenic activities
    • C) Motivating locals for conservation
    • D) Forest department intervention
    • Answer: D) Forest department intervention