The Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Shri Bhupender Yadav, announced the notification of the Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve as the 56th tiger reserve in India. Located in Chhattisgarh, this reserve spans over 2,829.38 square kilometers, making it the third largest tiger reserve in the country. The reserve is a critical part of conservation efforts, connected to neighboring reserves like Bandhavgarh and Palamau, enhancing biodiversity protection across a landscape of nearly 4,500 square kilometers. Home to over 750 species of flora and fauna, including 230 bird species and 55 mammal species, the reserve will strengthen India's tiger conservation initiatives. With Chhattisgarh now hosting four tiger reserves, the notification is a significant step towards preserving the endangered tiger species under Project Tiger.

A groundbreaking discovery has been made in the Western Ghats, where researchers have identified a new genus of freshwater fish in the region’s pristine rivers and streams. This discovery is part of an ongoing effort to explore and catalog the aquatic life of this UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its rich biodiversity. Experts believe the new genus could provide crucial insights into the evolutionary history of freshwater fish in the region. The Western Ghats, spanning six southern Indian states, is one of the world’s most biologically diverse regions, with many species still unexplored. This discovery not only expands knowledge of aquatic biodiversity but also underscores the importance of preserving the region's ecosystems from threats like pollution and climate change. Scientists are now focused on studying the species further, aiming to understand its unique characteristics and ecological role, which will help strengthen conservation efforts in the area.

In a significant milestone for disaster preparedness, 24 coastal villages in Odisha have been recognized by UNESCO as 'Tsunami Ready'. This prestigious title is awarded to communities that exhibit exceptional readiness to respond to tsunami threats. The villages in Odisha have implemented vital measures, including early warning systems, evacuation plans, community-based training, and public awareness programs, ensuring the safety of residents. The recognition highlights the local government's and community leaders' efforts in improving infrastructure, raising awareness, and enhancing disaster response capabilities. This achievement strengthens Odisha’s disaster management capacity and serves as a model for other coastal regions worldwide, encouraging proactive preparedness to safeguard lives and property from natural calamities.

The species traditionally known as Kaalinga Sarpa will now officially be referred to as Kaalinga, following a decision to standardize and formalize species classification according to international taxonomic conventions. This change aims to ensure the species has a globally recognized scientific identity, enhancing its visibility in international biological studies and conservation efforts. While Kaalinga Sarpa is deeply ingrained in local culture, the renaming reflects the scientific community's push for consistency in species identification. This shift also highlights the growing collaboration between local cultural knowledge and global scientific standards in fostering better research and conservation strategies.

In a landmark achievement, Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary conducted its first-ever census of Indian Bisons (Gaurs) on November 12 and 13, 2024, recording a total of 659 individuals. The census, carried out using direct observation techniques, revealed that 30% of the population consists of juveniles, highlighting a healthy and thriving population. The survey was conducted over two days with 114 team members, who covered various terrains like meadows, forest roads, and saltlicks. The Indian Gaurs in the sanctuary are known for their massive build, with adult bulls weighing up to 1,500 kg. The success of the Gaur population is also attributed to the relocation of 400 families from the sanctuary two years ago, which has allowed the meadows to regenerate and serve as a nutritious habitat for these herbivores. Despite some challenges in visibility, the census achieved an 80% detection probability, ensuring an accurate population estimate.

The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) has urged the Karnataka government to designate the Nugu area as a core critical zone within the Bandipur Tiger Reserve. This recommendation aims to enhance conservation efforts, especially for the endangered tiger population, by implementing stricter protection measures, reducing human-wildlife conflict, and restoring the region’s ecological balance. The move follows a comprehensive assessment of the area’s wildlife corridors and habitat, with plans for enhanced patrolling and anti-poaching strategies. The decision is vital for ensuring the long-term survival of tigers in Bandipur, where their population has been steadily increasing. The Karnataka government's response will play a crucial role in shaping the future of this conservation initiative.

A new species of amphibian, the Cao Bang Crocodile Newt (Tylototriton koliaensis), has been discovered in the mountainous forests of Vietnam. Found in a slow-moving stream, this medium-sized newt is characterized by its black body with bright orange markings on its fingertips and toes. The species, which measures around 5 inches, has long, thin limbs and rough, knobby skin. The newts inhabit high-elevation forests and breed in streams during the rainy summer season. Researchers have raised concerns about the species' potential extinction due to human activity and are pushing for its protection under Vietnamese law. This discovery enhances Vietnam's biodiversity and underscores the need for ongoing conservation efforts.

A mass vaccination campaign has commenced in and around the Panna Tiger Reserve (PTR) in Madhya Pradesh to protect wildlife from the spread of the Canine Distemper Virus (CDV), which was detected in local stray dogs. The initiative, launched due to the virus's prevalence, will vaccinate approximately 1,150 stray dogs in the buffer zone over the next three and a half months. CDV, a potentially fatal viral disease, previously led to the deaths of a tiger and two leopards in PTR in 2015. The reserve, home to 62 tigers and over 500 leopards, aims to prevent further outbreaks and safeguard its wildlife population. The Panna Tiger Project, which began in 2009, successfully reintroduced tigers to the area after poaching decimated their population, and the vaccination drive is part of ongoing efforts to protect these reintroduced species.

The Tamil Nadu Forest Department is ramping up its efforts to tackle the spread of Senna tora, an invasive plant species that threatens the biodiversity of the Mudumalai region. Known for its rapid growth and ability to outcompete native vegetation, Senna tora poses a significant risk to the area’s ecosystem, home to many endangered species. To combat this, the department has adopted a multi-pronged approach that includes manual removal of the plants, continuous monitoring, and raising awareness among local communities and visitors. Working closely with conservationists, the department is also focused on restoring the natural habitat by replanting native species, aiming to preserve Mudumalai’s ecological balance for future generations.

In an exciting wildlife discovery, the Red-Headed Vulture, a critically endangered species, was spotted in Kasaragod, marking the first-ever sighting of this rare bird in the area. The vulture, known for its striking red head and large wingspan, was observed by local birdwatchers. Experts are hopeful that this sighting will raise awareness about the species' declining population due to habitat loss, poisoning, and poaching. Conservationists see this as a positive sign for the region's biodiversity, underlining the need for effective measures to protect endangered species and their habitats. This discovery highlights the rich biodiversity of Kasaragod and the ongoing efforts to conserve its natural environment.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi will inaugurate the 1st Bodoland Mahotsav tomorrow in New Delhi, a two-day event focused on the language, literature, and culture of the Bodo community. The event aims to strengthen ties among indigenous Bodo people living across Assam, West Bengal, Nepal, and border areas of North East India. The theme of the Mahotsav, "Peace and Harmony for Prosperous Bharat", will emphasize the cultural and linguistic heritage, ecological diversity, and touristic potential of Bodoland. The Mahotsav also celebrates the success of the Bodo Peace Accord signed in 2020, which resolved decades of conflict and paved the way for other peace settlements. Over 5,000 cultural, linguistic, and art enthusiasts are expected to attend, representing regions across India and beyond.

India’s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel combustion are projected to rise by 4.6% in 2024, the steepest increase among major economies, according to the Global Carbon Project. This comes as global fossil-based CO2 emissions are expected to reach a record 37.4 billion tonnes, marking a 0.8% rise from 2023. The report warns that at this pace, there is a 50% probability of surpassing the 1.5°C global warming threshold within six years. CO2 remains the primary driver of climate change due to its high atmospheric concentration and long lifespan, trapping heat and contributing to the greenhouse effect. While other greenhouse gases like methane and HFCs are more potent, CO2’s abundance makes it responsible for 70% of global warming.

An outbreak of avian botulism in Sambhar Lake, Rajasthan, has led to the deaths of at least 600 migratory birds, according to the Centre for Avian Research Institute. The deaths, which began on October 26, 2024, were caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which paralyzes birds. Experts suggest that high temperatures, low oxygen levels, and reduced salinity in the lake may have contributed to the outbreak. The sudden influx of fresh water into the salt lake, along with the exhaustion of migratory birds, created ideal conditions for the bacteria to thrive. The disease was also reported in the area in 2019, causing the deaths of nearly 18,000 birds. While there is no treatment for the disease, experts recommend removing and disposing of affected birds to prevent further spread.

In an exciting breakthrough, scientists from the Botanical Survey of India (BSI) have identified a new flowering plant species, Dicliptera srisailamica, in the Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Discovered in the Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve, this species belongs to the Acanthaceae family, contributing to the diversity of the Dicliptera genus, which includes 27 species in India. Standing up to 90 cm tall, the plant features unique characteristics such as short, downturned hairs on its stems and linear, spathulate bracts, differentiating it from closely related species like Dicliptera beddomei. Named after the temple town of Srisailam, the plant grows in rare patches along stream banks and rocky edges near waterfalls. Preserved specimens are now stored in Indian herbaria. Although its conservation status has yet to be evaluated, researchers emphasize the need for protective measures due to the plant's limited habitat and vulnerability to environmental threats.

Chinese astronauts aboard the Tiangong space station have successfully raised four zebrafish in a specialized habitat, simulating Earth-like conditions in a microgravity environment. This milestone experiment is part of China's ongoing research into the effects of space travel on living organisms. The study provides critical insights into biological processes in space, paving the way for long-duration space missions and future human habitation on space stations or other celestial bodies. The findings contribute to global space exploration efforts, highlighting the potential for sustainable ecosystems beyond Earth.

In a grim development, the bodies of a woman and two children were discovered floating in the Barak river near Jirimukh in Manipur's conflict-ridden Jiribam region. The discovery raises concerns that the bodies might belong to three of the six missing people from a nearby displaced persons' camp. These individuals were reported missing after an attack by security forces on November 11, which resulted in the killing of 10 Hmar "militants." Authorities have sent the bodies for autopsy to confirm their identities. Meanwhile, Manipur Police have deployed senior officers to coordinate the search for the missing, and the officer-in-charge of Jiribam Police Station, Inspector Sagapam Ibotombi Singh, resigned citing personal reasons. The Kuki-Zo community has disputed the security forces' claims about the killed militants, asserting that they were defending their villages.

For the first time in 40 years, a rare bird species has been sighted in the United Kingdom, drawing bird watchers and ornithologists from across the country to [specific location]. Experts believe the bird’s unexpected arrival could be linked to changes in migration patterns or environmental factors. Conservationists see this as a pivotal moment to emphasize the importance of preserving natural habitats to support diverse wildlife. Local wildlife groups have set up observation points and are closely monitoring the bird to ensure its safety, making this a unique experience for nature enthusiasts.

The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB) has initiated an independent inquiry into the deaths of ten elephants in the Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh. Concurrently, the Madhya Pradesh State Government has established a five-member committee, led by the Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (APCCF), to investigate the incident further. Initial findings suggest that poisoning may be the cause of death, although definitive conclusions await detailed postmortem and toxicological analyses. Meanwhile, patrolling staff discovered four dead elephants on October 29, 2024, with six others found in critical condition nearby. Despite efforts to treat them, six elephants succumbed to their ailments within days. The inquiry is being supervised by the Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, with additional support from the National Tiger Conservation Authority and local veterinarians, as preventive measures are being implemented to monitor other elephant herds in the reserve.

In a historic gathering, leaders and delegates of the Thadou tribe came together to address the urgent need for cultural preservation. The convention brought representatives from different regions where the Thadou community resides, all united by a commitment to protect their heritage amidst modernization. Key topics included the promotion of traditional values, educational programs to teach the Thadou language to youth, and efforts to gain government recognition for Thadou heritage sites. A cultural preservation committee was established to oversee these initiatives, symbolizing a promise to pass down the Thadou legacy to future generations. Leaders expressed optimism that these steps will strengthen their cultural identity in a rapidly changing world.

In a tragic event, ten elephants in Madhya Pradesh died after consuming kodo millet in the wild, which likely became toxic due to rapid fermentation in moist conditions. The drought-resistant millet, common in Indian states, can produce harmful toxins when exposed to moisture. Forest officials and wildlife experts believe the elephants ingested large amounts of the grain while foraging, leading to severe poisoning. Conservationists are now exploring preventative measures to protect wildlife, as the incident underscores the delicate balance between agricultural activities and wildlife conservation. Madhya Pradesh authorities have launched an investigation to understand the incident and prevent future tragedies, collaborating with agricultural experts to develop safer farming practices near elephant habitats.

A team of researchers has identified a new species of orchid in the Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh, renowned for its biodiversity. The orchid, yet to be officially named, exhibits unique morphological features that suggest it is endemic to the region, emphasizing the need for its preservation. This discovery enhances Arunachal Pradesh's status as a biodiversity hub, known for housing over 500 orchid species. Conservationists are optimistic that this finding will boost attention to local conservation initiatives, crucial for maintaining ecological balance and supporting livelihoods dependent on forest resources. Future research is planned to explore the ecological role of the new orchid and promote sustainable management of the state's forested areas.

India continues to champion the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, reaffirming its commitment to reducing disaster risks and building resilience across communities. P.K. Mishra, Principal Secretary to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, emphasized India’s proactive disaster management initiatives at a recent event, citing advanced early warning systems, enhanced disaster response strategies, and collaborative efforts between national and state authorities. India's use of technology in disaster forecasting further bolsters its preparedness, positioning it as a regional leader in DRR. Adopted in 2015, the Sendai Framework aligns with India’s development and sustainability goals, reinforcing its dedication to safeguarding vulnerable populations and infrastructure.

Researchers have found that a layer of graphene oxide, known for its high thermal conductivity and water-repellent properties, can effectively prevent frost from forming on flat surfaces. In experiments, a thin coating of graphene oxide demonstrated strong resistance to frost by delaying the freezing of water droplets, which either slid off or stayed liquid longer than on untreated surfaces. This advancement holds promising implications for industries like aviation, power generation, and electronics, where frost buildup poses significant challenges. The discovery could lead to more efficient anti-frost solutions, especially in regions with harsh winter conditions, marking a substantial step forward in material science and frost prevention technology.

A recent study by Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health has revealed that long-term exposure to arsenic in drinking water may significantly raise the risk of cardiovascular disease, even at levels below the federal regulatory limit of 10 µg/L. The findings are particularly pertinent for India, where arsenic contamination affects 152 districts across 21 states, with states like West Bengal, Assam, and Bihar showing the highest concentrations. The Bureau of Indian Standards has previously lowered the permissible arsenic limit in drinking water to 0.01 mg/L; however, the study highlights that risks of ischemic heart disease (IHD) are notably higher among women exposed to average levels of 5 µg/L. The research calls for stricter regulations, vigilant monitoring, and public health initiatives to address arsenic contamination, emphasizing the urgent need for further research and interventions in affected regions to mitigate health risks associated with this toxic substance.

The 8th meeting of the Empowered Committee for Animal Health (ECAH) was convened on October 28, 2024, at Vigyan Bhawan, chaired by Prof. Ajay Kumar Sood, Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India. The meeting highlighted significant regulatory initiatives by the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (DAHD), focusing on the advancement of domestic vaccines for diseases like Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Brucellosis. Updates on the National Digital Livestock Mission (NDLM) demonstrated enhanced digital tracking of livestock health, processing over 16 transactions per second. A major emphasis was placed on the One Health Mission, which includes a nationwide mock drill for disease response and the introduction of Standard Veterinary Treatment Guidelines. The meeting also reviewed the Poultry Disease Action Plan to enhance biosecurity and vaccination protocols, along with revised compensation rates for poultry culling. Notably, Indian laboratories received international recognition, with ICAR-NIVEDI in Bangalore designated as a reference lab for PPR and Leptospirosis by the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), underscoring India’s growing capabilities in animal health management.

A recent study at the Mudumalai Tiger Reserve in the Western Ghats has revealed a high nesting success rate for the endangered long-billed vultures. The reserve's ideal habitat, combined with focused conservation efforts such as preventing carcass poisoning and monitoring nesting sites, has contributed to this positive outcome. Despite this success, the vultures still face challenges like habitat loss and reduced food availability, making continued conservation efforts essential for their survival.

The Mera Hou Chongba 2024 festival, which aims to strengthen the bond between indigenous communities in Manipur's hills and valleys, will take place tomorrow in Imphal. Hosted at the Manipur Royal Palace and the sacred site of Kangla, the festival features traditional rituals, cultural performances, and an exchange of gifts among the participants. Village chiefs from hill districts have gathered in the city for this significant event, which will be presided over by the titular King of Manipur, Leishemba Sanajaoba. Mera Hou Chongba is the only festival in the state where both hills and valley communities come together, marking the day as a General Holiday in Manipur.

Farmers in Idukki are grappling with a significant infestation of spotted locusts, compounding their recent struggles with snail invasions. Experts indicate that changes in climate patterns may be contributing to the rise of these pests, which threaten crop yields and farmers' livelihoods. The situation underscores the urgent need for effective pest management strategies as local agricultural producers seek solutions to mitigate the impacts of these infestations.

Drinking water plants established to provide clean water to the Soliga tribe in Karnataka have fallen into disrepair, leaving the indigenous community to rely on unsafe, untreated water sources. Built to improve the living conditions of the tribe in the Western Ghats, these facilities are now non-functional due to a lack of maintenance. The water scarcity, particularly severe during summer, has raised health concerns and prompted local community members to call for immediate government action. While officials acknowledge the issue, they cite budgetary and logistical challenges, highlighting the need for both short-term fixes and long-term sustainable solutions to ensure reliable access to safe drinking water for the tribe.

Archaeologists have made a groundbreaking discovery beneath the ancient city of Petra, Jordan, uncovering a secret tomb believed to date back 2,000 years. Led by Dr. Pearce Paul Creasman of the American Centre of Research, the excavation revealed twelve human skeletons, including one holding a chalice resembling the legendary Holy Grail, thought to have been used by Jesus during the Last Supper. The tomb also contained valuable artifacts, including ceramic, iron, and bronze items, providing rare insights into the ancient Nabataean culture. This finding is significant as it sheds light on a society known for its literacy yet leaving behind limited written records. The discovery has renewed interest in Petra, a city full of mysteries, and the team plans to conduct DNA analysis on the bones to learn more about the lifestyle of the ancient Nabataeans.

According to the latest report from the International Energy Agency (IEA), India is on the brink of a substantial increase in energy demand, driven by economic growth, urbanization, and industrial expansion. With a projected annual growth rate of 3% through 2035, the country is set to become one of the fastest-growing energy markets globally. Key sectors like electricity generation, transportation, and industry will lead this demand surge. However, India faces significant challenges in meeting this rising demand sustainably, requiring increased investments in renewable energy, energy storage, and grid modernization. Policymakers will need to balance affordable energy access with environmental goals to ensure long-term energy security.

The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) has given approval for five critical road projects in Ladakh, including four that pass through the Karakoram Wildlife Sanctuary along the Line of Actual Control (LAC). These projects include routes to Daulat Beg Oldie (DBO), India’s northernmost military post, and will significantly enhance troop movement and logistics in the region. The approved roads, part of the India-China Border Roads initiative, aim to improve infrastructure for military operations in response to the 2020 Galwan Valley clashes. The defence ministry emphasized the importance of these roads for border security and swift troop deployment, while also ensuring wildlife protection measures, such as culverts and bridges for safe animal crossings in the Karakoram sanctuary.

A recent study by researchers from South Africa and the UK reveals that artificial nests significantly enhance the breeding success of the critically endangered African penguin. Published in the British Ecological Society’s journal Ecological Solutions and Evidence, the study shows a 16.5% higher breeding success in artificial nests compared to natural burrows. With the African penguin population declining by 90% over the past 70 years due to food scarcity and human disturbances, conservationists have placed artificial nests in penguin colonies across South Africa and Namibia. While various nest designs were tested, no single type proved universally effective across all colonies. The study stresses the need for further research on nest design and the creation of fishing exclusion zones to secure the species' future.

A new study has confirmed that Gliese 229B, the first known brown dwarf discovered three decades ago, is actually a binary system composed of two brown dwarfs orbiting each other. Using the Very Large Telescope in Chile, astronomers gathered light and chemical data that revealed the object's true nature, resolving previous questions about its dimness relative to its mass. Located approximately 18 light-years away, this discovery highlights the complexity of celestial systems and suggests that other hidden brown dwarfs may exist in similar configurations. The findings were published in the journal Nature and underscore the diversity of solar systems beyond our own.

A new spider species, Tenkana jayamangali, has been identified at the origin of the Jayamangali River within the Devarayanadurga Reserve Forest. This discovery marks the establishment of a new genus of Tenkana jumping spiders (Salticidae, Plexippina), as reported by researchers Kiran Marathe, John TD Caleb, and Wayne P. Maddison, along with environmental enthusiasts and software engineers Krushnamegh Kunte, BG Nisha, Chinmay C. Maliye, and YT Lohit. The species was confirmed through DNA analysis, which did not match any existing species. The findings, published in the journal Zookeys on October 11, describe the distinctive characteristics of Tenkana jayamangali, noting its unique hair patterns compared to related species, T. arkavathi and T. manu. This discovery adds to the rich biodiversity of the region and enhances our understanding of the Tenkana genus.

A new study suggests that tens of thousands of earthworm species remain undiscovered, a process that could take over 100 years. Earthworms play a crucial role in nutrient recycling within ecosystems, and researchers warn that many species could disappear before they are identified. Currently, over 5,700 species are known, but Thibaud Decaëns from the University of Montpellier estimates that there may be many more. Decaëns’ research, conducted in the rainforests of French Guiana, revealed several new species, suggesting the diversity of earthworms is far greater than previously thought.

A 13th-century stone inscription, or Veeragallu, has been unearthed during the renovation of the ancient Kalleshwar temple in Elehole village, Davanagere district. The inscription, dating back to 1283 AD, highlights the heroism of local defenders and their connection to the Sevuna dynasty, also known as the Devagiri Yadavas. It honors Ramachandra Chakravarti, a prominent Sevuna ruler, and depicts scenes of battle, divine ascension, and eternal reverence. This discovery sheds light on the region's rich history, offering insights into the political and cultural dynamics of the late 13th century, particularly the influence of the Devagiri Yadavas in Karnataka and Maharashtra.

The recently published 'EnviStats India-2024' report reveals that the Nagarjuna Sagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve (NSTR) in Andhra Pradesh has the highest leopard population among India's 55 tiger reserves, with an estimated 360 leopards residing in the area. The report, released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), estimates India's total leopard population at around 13,874. NSTR is not only significant for its leopard population but also supports more than 80 tigers within its 1,401 square kilometers. Conservation efforts by forest officials, including ensuring food sources and implementing fire prevention measures, have contributed to the thriving leopard population in the reserve.

A recent study conducted by scientists from the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences (BSIP) has revealed significant hydrocarbon generation potential in the eastern region of the South Karanpura coalfield, particularly within the Sirka coalfield. Utilizing microscopic analysis of palynomorphs and geochemical assessments, the research indicates that this area shows higher potential for coal bed methane and shale gas generation compared to the northern Giddi coalfield. The findings highlight the favorable environmental conditions for hydrocarbon preservation in the region's Permian (Barakar) deposits. As energy demands grow and interest in unconventional resources rises, this research provides critical insights for future exploration efforts aimed at enhancing India's energy security. Further studies are needed to confirm the economic viability of these hydrocarbon resources.

The Nashik Municipal Corporation (NMC) plans to outsource 60 sanitary workers through a private agency to clean the Godavari river and its tributaries—Waldevi, Nandini, Waghadi, and Kapila. The project, costing Rs 2.33 crore, will last for a year. The workers will focus on removing water hyacinth, plastic, and nirmalya waste. Thirty workers will clean the Godavari, while the rest will focus on the tributaries. This initiative comes in response to a severe manpower shortage at NMC, where sanitary employee positions have been vacant for years. A proposal will be presented at the upcoming NMC general body meeting.

Komodo National Park, home to the world’s largest lizard, the Komodo dragon, faces significant environmental and social challenges due to the rapid rise in tourism. With only 1,300 adult Komodo dragons left, the Indonesian government is considering partial closures of the park in 2025 to reduce strain on the fragile ecosystem. The influx of visitors has put pressure on resources and infrastructure, while local communities struggle to benefit economically from tourism growth. Efforts to balance tourism expansion with conservation, including raising entry fees and restricting visitor numbers, are essential to preserve the park for future generations.

The recent spectacular display of the Northern Lights, or aurora borealis, illuminated the night sky with vibrant colors across various locations, including parts of the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Hanle village in Ladakh, India. This natural phenomenon results from the interaction between charged solar winds from the Sun and the Earth’s magnetosphere. When solar winds collide with atmospheric gases, they produce stunning light displays. The occurrence of auroras is often linked to solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which intensify the solar wind and can lead to geomagnetic storms. While beautiful, these solar storms can disrupt satellite operations and create potential hazards in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The sighting in India was made possible through the Indian Astronomical Observatory, situated in the country’s first dark-sky preserve, which aims to reduce light pollution and promote astronomical observations.

A rare sea creature with striking blue blood has been discovered off the coast of Odisha, drawing significant attention from marine biologists and nature enthusiasts. This unique organism, belonging to the hemocyanin family, utilizes copper-based hemocyanin for oxygen transport, giving its blood a distinctive blue color. Unlike vertebrates that use iron-based hemoglobin, this adaptation allows the creature to thrive in oxygen-poor ocean depths. Experts highlight the importance of such discoveries in understanding marine ecosystems and call for collaborative conservation efforts to protect these vital habitats from pollution and overfishing. Ongoing research aims to further explore the habits and habitats of this enigmatic species, reinforcing the need to safeguard oceanic environments for future generations.

Archaeologists have made a significant discovery at the historical site of Dharanikota in Andhra Pradesh, unearthing a rare Brahmi inscription believed to date back to the Satavahana period. The Brahmi script, one of India's oldest writing systems, was widely used during this era. Experts are currently studying the inscription, which is expected to provide valuable insights into the region's ancient practices, governance, and societal norms. Dharanikota, already known for its Buddhist heritage and the Amaravati Stupa, further enhances its historical importance with this discovery. Local authorities plan to preserve and display the find for scholars and the public, highlighting the need for continued efforts to uncover and protect India's rich heritage.

Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra is set to introduce the world’s first-ever ropeway safari over a tiger reserve, offering a unique aerial experience for wildlife enthusiasts. Developed by French company POMA SAS, the eco-friendly ropeway will allow visitors to observe the reserve’s rich wildlife, including tigers, from above, with minimal disruption to the environment. This innovative project aims to enhance wildlife tourism while preserving the park’s delicate ecosystem. Expected to boost tourism and create jobs, the ropeway could set a precedent for sustainable tourism in other wildlife sanctuaries globally.

The World Wildlife Fund's (WWF) biennial Living Planet Report highlights a staggering 73% decline in monitored global wildlife populations over the past 50 years, primarily due to habitat loss, climate change, and invasive species. In India, three vulture species—white-rumped vulture, Indian vulture, and slender-billed vulture—have faced alarming declines. The report, based on data from 35,000 population trends across 5,495 species, indicates that freshwater ecosystems have experienced the most significant drop in populations, with an 85% decline, followed by 69% in terrestrial ecosystems and 56% in marine ecosystems. Major drivers of this decline include unsustainable agriculture, overexploitation, pollution, and diseases. The report warns that dwindling wildlife populations can disrupt essential ecological functions, potentially leading to critical tipping points in ecosystems worldwide.

The Red Panda conservation programme at Darjeeling Zoo, also known as Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park, has achieved a significant milestone by being selected as one of the top three finalists for the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) conservation award. This recognition highlights India's commitment to wildlife conservation, particularly in preserving endangered species. The programme has been instrumental in breeding and reintroducing Red Pandas into their natural habitat, addressing threats such as habitat loss, poaching, and climate change. The winner of the award will be announced at the upcoming WAZA annual conference, potentially bringing further attention to the zoo's conservation efforts and the challenges faced by endangered species like the Red Panda.

A recent vulture survey at the Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, organized by the Kerala Forest Department alongside conservation groups and experts, recorded 80 vultures, including critically endangered species like the White-rumped Vulture and Red-headed Vulture. The survey underscores the sanctuary's role as a vital habitat for these scavengers, which play a key role in preventing the spread of diseases by feeding on carcasses. While experts are optimistic about the stable population, they stress the need for continued conservation efforts, including habitat protection and reducing the use of harmful chemicals like diclofenac. The findings will guide future strategies to protect these important birds.

Paleontologists have described a new species of diplodocid dinosaur, Ardetosaurus viator, which roamed the Earth around 150 million years ago during the Late Jurassic epoch. This long-necked sauropod, belonging to the Diplodocidae family, was discovered in the Morrison Formation at the Howe-Stephens Quarry in 1993. The specimen provides valuable insights into the variability of skeletal features in diplodocids, particularly in the transition between the neck and tail regions. The rare first chevron bone discovered suggests potential evidence of sexual dimorphism, paving the way for further research into the biology of these massive herbivorous dinosaurs.

The Gujarat government has announced the establishment of a Caracal Breeding and Conservation Center in the Chadva Rakhal region of Kutch, with a budget of ₹10 crore. The center will focus on the protection and breeding of the critically endangered Caracal, which is native to Gujarat’s Kutch district. Gujarat Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel made the announcement during the Wildlife Week celebrations in Mandvi, Kutch. While Caracals are listed as a species of ‘least concern’ globally by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), their population in India is critically low, with only 19 sightings in Gujarat. The Chadva Rakhal area, rich in biodiversity, has been allocated for the center as part of the state’s conservation efforts.

A team of researchers has discovered a new species of damselfly named Agasthyamalai Bambootail (Agasthyamala Mulavalan) in Manjadininnavila, Thiruvananthapuram. This rare species, identified by its bamboo-like cylindrical abdomen, was found in the Agasthyamalai region of the Western Ghats. Genetic studies revealed a 7% difference in its mitochondrial DNA compared to the closely related Malabar Bambootail. The discovery highlights the importance of conserving biodiversity in habitats outside protected areas, as the species was observed in streams flowing into the Karamana River.

The Bihar government has announced plans to develop the Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS) as the state's second tiger reserve, following the success of the Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR), which has reached its capacity with a current population of 54 tigers. Environment and Forest Minister Prem Kumar confirmed that the Central government has given in-principle approval for this development, with the state finalizing modalities for the translocation of tigers to KWLS. Covering an area of 1,504.96 square kilometers, KWLS is home to diverse wildlife, including leopards, sloth bears, and various bird species. The sanctuary's strategic location and historical records of tiger presence until the mid-1990s make it an ideal candidate for this new initiative. Additionally, the government is addressing wildlife-related agricultural damage by culling nilgai in six affected districts.

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On Sunday, the body of an eight-year-old tiger was discovered near Dhara Chowki, 10 meters inside the Amangarh Tiger Reserve, located on the border of Bijnor and Jim Corbett National Park. Forest officials from both reserves conducted an inspection of the site after the discovery was made by forest guard Vipin Kumar during a patrol. Divisional Forest Officer Gyan Singh reported that the tiger showed no signs of wounds, suggesting a natural death, and samples have been sent for further analysis to determine the exact cause. This incident highlights ongoing wildlife management challenges, as the Amangarh reserve, a buffer area of Jim Corbett, is home to 28 tigers. In related news, a three-year-old elephant's skeleton was exhumed from a sugarcane field in Nazibabad, where it had been electrocuted, and a leopard was killed by villagers after attacking a home guard.

The latest Wild Ass Population Estimation (WAPE) conducted by the Gujarat government reveals that the wild ass population has increased to 7,672, marking a 26.14% rise from 6,082 in 2020. This significant growth highlights successful wildlife conservation efforts in the state. Wild asses, protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, are classified as an endangered species and now primarily inhabit the Little Rann of Kutch and Great Rann of Kutch. The population data was announced by Forest and Environment Minister Mulubhai Bera, coinciding with India's Wildlife Week celebrations. The report also includes details on the district-wise distribution of wild asses and other wildlife enumerated during the survey, emphasizing the state's ongoing commitment to preserving its unique wildlife heritage.

A recent study published in Atmospheric Pollution Research reveals that India's reliance on kerosene-based lamps as a secondary lighting source results in the release of approximately 12.5 gigagrammes (Gg) of black carbon annually. This accounts for about 10% of the country's total residential black carbon emissions, which include cooking, heating, and lighting. The study highlights that around 30% of rural households depend on kerosene during power outages, with the figure soaring to 70% in eastern regions. Despite improvements in electricity access through initiatives like the Saubhagya scheme, frequent power outages continue to drive reliance on kerosene. The research also indicates that eastern India contributes 60% of the total black carbon emissions from secondary light sources. Recommendations for reducing emissions include enhancing electricity supply and promoting awareness of cleaner alternatives such as solar lamps and rechargeable lighting options.

The World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) has suspended the Delhi Zoo's membership due to concerns over the treatment of its lone African elephant, Shankar. The 29-year-old elephant sustained a chain burn injury in July during his "musth" period, a phase of increased testosterone leading to aggressive behavior. While zoo authorities deny prolonged chaining, WAZA sought clarification, leading to the suspension. Zoo officials are now working to address the issue and restore ties, with plans to pair Shankar with a female elephant from an international zoo for his well-being.

The State of Global Water Resources report reveals that 2023 was the driest year for global rivers in over three decades, signaling alarming changes in water availability as demand increases. Currently, 3.6 billion people face inadequate access to water for at least a month each year, a figure projected to rise to more than 5 billion by 2050. The report highlights five consecutive years of below-normal river flows, exacerbating stress on water supplies for communities, agriculture, and ecosystems.

The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, has officially granted Classical Language status to Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese, and Bengali. This significant decision recognizes the role these languages play in preserving India's rich cultural heritage. The classification of languages as Classical Languages began in 2004, starting with Tamil, based on specific criteria related to antiquity and literary tradition. A Linguistic Experts Committee (LEC) was formed to evaluate languages for this status, leading to a recent recommendation for the five languages. The Ministry of Education is implementing various initiatives to promote Classical Languages, which are expected to create employment opportunities in academic and research fields while enhancing the preservation and study of ancient texts.

The Union Cabinet, led by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, has approved India's participation in the International Energy Efficiency Hub by signing a ‘Letter of Intent.’ This global platform, established in 2020, promotes energy efficiency and collaboration among governments, international organizations, and private entities. India aims to enhance its domestic energy efficiency initiatives by joining the Hub, which currently includes sixteen countries. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) will act as the implementing agency, ensuring alignment with national goals. This significant step underscores India's commitment to sustainable development and global efforts to combat climate change.

In a significant conservation effort, nine captive-bred pygmy hogs have been released into Kaziranga National Park, Assam, as part of ongoing initiatives to protect this critically endangered species. Once prevalent in Assam's grasslands, the pygmy hog population has severely declined due to habitat loss and hunting. Through dedicated breeding programs, these hogs were prepared for their return to the wild. Conservationists aim to bolster the population of pygmy hogs and raise awareness about the importance of preserving their natural habitat. Local wildlife officials are optimistic about the hogs' acclimatization and stress the necessity of continued monitoring to ensure their survival, marking a key milestone in the protection of Assam's unique wildlife.

The Government of India has appointed three new members to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), aiming to enhance the committee's expertise in formulating monetary policies. The new members include Dr. Aditi Nayar, Chief Economist at ICRA Limited; Dr. Ashima Goyal, a professor at the Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research; and Dr. Jayanth R. Varma, a professor at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. Their diverse backgrounds in economics and finance are expected to provide fresh perspectives to the committee, which plays a crucial role in determining interest rates and managing inflation to ensure economic stability in the country.

The European Union has proposed an extension to the deadline for implementing its new deforestation regulation, which aims to prevent the import of products linked to global deforestation. The regulation requires businesses to prove that their supply chains are free from deforestation, covering goods like soy, palm oil, beef, coffee, and cocoa. Due to the complexity of compliance, businesses have requested more time to set up traceability systems. The EU hopes the extension will facilitate a smoother transition for companies while remaining committed to combating deforestation as part of its broader Green Deal objectives.

In the aftermath of Hurricane Helene, which struck Florida as a Category 4 storm, biologists and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) have been actively addressing reports of stranded manatees. The hurricane caused significant flooding, allowing manatees to stray beyond their typical habitats. As the waters receded, several manatees found themselves stranded on land. The FWC has prioritized both the recovery of residents affected by the hurricane and the rehabilitation of these gentle giants. As of Wednesday afternoon, four manatees have been rescued, with reports of six or seven more in need of assistance. All rescued manatees are in good health and are being relocated to safer aquatic environments. The public is urged to report any stranded manatees by contacting the FWC's Wildlife Alert Hotline.

Pfizer has announced the voluntary withdrawal of its sickle cell disease therapy, Oxbryta, from global markets, surprising doctors, patients, and investors. This decision is based on data indicating a higher risk of deaths and complications associated with the medication. Oxbryta, which gained accelerated FDA approval in 2019, was a significant part of Pfizer's $5.4 billion acquisition of Global Blood Therapeutics. The withdrawal raises concerns about the impact on patients who may struggle to find alternative treatments. Additionally, new cybersecurity legislation is being proposed in response to a rise in healthcare cyberattacks.

A honey badger, also known as the Ratel, has been captured on camera for the first time in the Terai East Forest Division (TEFD) of Uttarakhand. The discovery was published on September 26, 2024, in the Journal of Threatened Taxa. This elusive omnivorous mammal, which was photographed near the Sharda River Canal on January 7, 2024, plays a vital role in maintaining ecological balance. The research led by Prashant Kumar from the Uttarakhand Forest Department highlights the honey badger's significance within the region’s biodiversity and underscores the need for enhanced conservation efforts. Despite being classified as “Least Concern” on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List, honey badgers are rarely seen in India, and their presence in the TEFD reinforces the importance of protecting this delicate ecosystem from human-induced threats.

As the COP16 biodiversity conference approaches, significant concerns arise as only 10% of nations have fulfilled their pledges to protect biodiversity. Scheduled from October 21 to November 1, 2024, this conference marks the first major meeting since the adoption of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) in 2022. The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans Tracker (NBSAP), developed by the World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF), indicates that just 20 countries have fully revised their National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans (NBSAPs) since COP15, with only nine countries and the European Union submitting updated plans as of June 2024. Advocates express concerns over the slow progress, with many nations lacking ambitious targets and measurable objectives. The conference is seen as a critical opportunity for nations to reassess their commitments, aiming to protect at least 30% of the world’s land and water by 2030 and restore degraded ecosystems. Strong leadership and collaboration are essential to reversing biodiversity loss and ensuring a sustainable future.

The Sahara Desert, known for its arid conditions, is experiencing an unexpected transformation following heavy rainfall from an extratropical cyclone on September 7 and 8. Satellite images from NASA reveal patches of greenery emerging in typically barren regions across Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya, where shrubs and trees are sprouting in low-lying areas like riverbeds. This unusual weather event, linked to a shift in the tropical rain belt, raises important questions about climate change's impact on rainfall patterns in Africa. Researchers note that such significant rainfall can quickly revitalize arid landscapes, reminiscent of the Sahara's once-lush environment thousands of years ago. The recent deluge has also caused typically dry lakes to fill, as highlighted by satellite observations, marking a significant change in this desert ecosystem.

A recent survey in the Mudumalai Tiger Reserve has revealed several rare and endangered herpetofauna species, including the Indian Rock Python and endemic frogs from the Western Ghats. Conducted by a team of herpetologists, the survey aimed to assess the population and distribution of these species, highlighting the reserve's rich biodiversity. While the findings indicate a healthy ecosystem, they also underscore the challenges these species face due to habitat loss and environmental changes. Conservationists stress the importance of protecting these habitats and will share the survey results with local authorities and organizations to guide future conservation initiatives.

The vibrant and iconic Swallowtail butterflies in Assam are facing a serious threat due to the increasing cultivation of citrus plants in the region. While citrus farming offers economic benefits to local communities, it is leading to deforestation and the conversion of native forests into orchards, which are crucial habitats for these butterflies. Environmental experts warn that this habitat loss and ecological imbalance are making it difficult for the Swallowtail butterflies to survive. Conservationists are calling for sustainable farming practices and efforts to preserve Assam’s rich biodiversity to protect this endangered species from extinction.

As the monsoon season comes to a close, Kuno National Park has requested 2,500 spotted deer from Kanha, Pench, Bandhavgarh, and Madhav national parks to increase the prey base for its cheetahs. With 12 adult cheetahs and 91 leopards in the park, there is a significant prey deficit. The government has approved the translocation, and a batch of spotted deer was successfully moved from Kanha to Kuno in mid-September. The recent Cheetah Project report suggests the urgent need to translocate 1,500 more deer and emphasizes the importance of predator-proof enclosures to maintain a consistent prey population.

Mithun Chakraborty, a renowned figure in Indian cinema, has been awarded the prestigious Dadasaheb Phalke Award, recognizing his remarkable versatility and contributions to the film industry. With a career spanning several decades, Chakraborty has captivated audiences through a diverse range of performances, from intense dramas to energetic dance sequences. The Dadasaheb Phalke Award, named after the father of Indian cinema, celebrates individuals who have significantly influenced the growth of Indian films. Chakraborty’s signature style and dedication have solidified his status as a beloved icon, inspiring new generations of actors and filmmakers. This honor further cements his legacy among other luminaries of the Indian film industry.

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations has published a new atlas highlighting the presence of tsetse flies in 34 African countries. These flies, which transmit parasites causing sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in livestock, pose a significant threat to agriculture, resulting in billions of dollars in losses annually. While sleeping sickness cases have drastically declined, the impact on livestock remains a concern. This atlas, which compiles 31 years of data from 669 scientific papers and field research, is the first comprehensive update in over 50 years. The data will assist veterinarians, policymakers, and international organizations like the World Health Organization in combatting trypanosomiasis and its effects on both human and animal health.

Several regions in Bihar are facing severe flooding due to the release of large amounts of water from the Kosi Barrage in Birpur following intense rainfall in the catchment areas of Nepal. Rivers in northern Bihar and Nepal have risen above danger levels, leading to significant flooding. A breach in the Mandar dam in Sitamarhi on September 29 worsened the situation, and floodwaters have also disrupted power supply to around 45,000 homes in Muzaffarpur. Many residents in northeastern districts like Supaul are experiencing severe damage to their homes and agricultural land, with some describing the floods as the worst since 1961. Local communities are also expressing frustration over the lack of administrative response.

Casuarina farming is experiencing a resurgence in Vedaranyam, Tamil Nadu, six years after Cyclone Gaja caused widespread damage to crops and farmlands in the region. Known for their resilience in coastal areas, casuarina trees are now the preferred choice for local farmers. The trees provide multiple benefits, acting as windbreaks, improving soil quality, and offering valuable wood for industries like construction and paper manufacturing. The revival of this cultivation has brought both economic and environmental hope to the farming community, as they focus on sustainable practices to secure their future against potential climatic challenges.

In a significant discovery for ichthyology, researchers have identified two new species of torrent minnows, Garra zubzaensis and Psilorhynchus kosygini, in the pristine rivers of Nagaland. Garra zubzaensis was found in the Zubza River, a tributary of the Brahmaputra, while Psilorhynchus kosygini was discovered in the Tepuiki River, a tributary of the Barak River. These species, adapted to life in fast-flowing streams, showcase the rich biodiversity of Nagaland and emphasize the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect the region's unique aquatic habitats.

A female elephant was discovered dead near an electric fence close to a tribal colony adjacent to the Peechi Wildlife Sanctuary in Thrissur district, Kerala. Residents found the carcass on Tuesday morning and reported it to the forest department. While electrocution is suspected as the cause of death, a post-mortem examination will confirm the findings. Electric fences have been installed in various parts of the state to protect properties and crops from wild animal incursions, including those by elephants.

A boundary wall near the Mahakal Temple in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, collapsed on Friday due to heavy rainfall, resulting in the deaths of two individuals, identified as 22-year-old Farheen and 27-year-old Ajay. Rescue operations are underway, with authorities working to locate several others who are feared to be trapped under the debris. While some injured individuals have been taken to hospitals, the exact number of those still trapped remains uncertain, as local residents speculate that around half a dozen people may still be beneath the rubble.

Ratapani Sanctuary is making strides toward achieving tiger reserve status, with the government actively pursuing this goal. However, the sanctuary's core area houses 32 villages, complicating the relocation process for forest officials. Currently, Neelgarh and Dhunwani have agreed to evacuate, while additional villages are showing preliminary support. A formal notification is needed to officially declare the sanctuary as a tiger reserve, which is expected by the end of the year. With an estimated 70 to 90 tigers residing in the sanctuary, the conditions for designation are met. Chief Minister Mohan Yadav is keenly monitoring progress, emphasizing the importance of obtaining villagers' consent for evacuation. Additionally, heavy rainfall has delayed public access to the sanctuary, leading to an extension of its opening date by 15 days.

A recent study published in Current Biology uncovers significant insights into the evolutionary adaptations of sea robins, unique bottom-dwelling fish that exhibit leg-like appendages. Conducted by researchers including postdoctoral fellow Corey Allard from Harvard University, the study explores how these modified pectoral fins function as sensory organs capable of detecting mechanical and chemical stimuli. The researchers identified two distinct species of sea robins—Prionotus carolinus, with shovel-shaped legs for digging, and P. evolans, featuring rod-shaped legs for locomotion. The genetic research component, led by Amy Herbert and David Kingsley at Stanford University, utilized advanced techniques to reveal the gene transcription factors involved in leg development. This groundbreaking research not only enhances understanding of trait development in marine species but also provides valuable insights into the evolution of bipedalism in humans, dating back approximately 6 million years.

The Poumai Naga tribe from Purul village in Manipur's Senapati district has initiated significant wildlife conservation efforts by prohibiting hunting, trapping, and killing of wild animals and birds in their territory. Following a recent meeting organized by the Purul (Hiimai) Union, the tribe designated a part of their forest as a conservation reserve and banned forest fires and harmful activities. In line with the Manipur Wild Life Protection Act, 1972, they established fines for violations, including Rs 60,000 for starting forest fires and Rs 20,000 for hunting. Outsiders caught hunting will face similar fines, with informers receiving half of the fines collected. This initiative exemplifies the tribe's commitment to community-driven environmental protection.

The Nanjangud Rasabale, a unique banana variety known for its sweet taste and rich texture, is experiencing a revival in Karnataka after years of decline. Once facing reduced demand, pests, and changing agricultural practices, the fruit is now making a comeback through the efforts of agricultural experts, better farming techniques, and government support. This revival not only boosts the local economy but also preserves an essential part of Karnataka's cultural and agricultural heritage. Farmers are optimistic that the Nanjangud Rasabale will regain its significance as both a beloved fruit and a symbol of regional biodiversity.

The Bharat 6G Alliance (B6GA) presented an extensive series of action plans for developing 6G technology during a high-level meeting in Bengaluru with Communications Minister Shri Jyotiraditya M. Scindia and Telecom Secretary Dr. Neeraj Mittal. The Minister emphasized the government's commitment to revolutionizing telecommunications in India and highlighted the significant role of the Alliance's seven working groups in shaping the country's 6G roadmap. Key areas of focus include spectrum management, device technologies, and rural connectivity innovations. The meeting showcased India's strides in indigenous technology and collaborative efforts to address local challenges while contributing to the global telecom ecosystem. The initiative aligns with the Bharat 6G Vision launched by Prime Minister Modi, which aims to position India as a leader in the 6G landscape by 2030, grounded in principles of affordability, sustainability, and ubiquity.

Manas National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Assam, India, will reopen to the public on September 27 after its seasonal closure. Known for its rich biodiversity, the park is a sanctuary for endangered species such as the Indian rhinoceros and the Bengal tiger. During the closure, park officials focused on preserving the natural environment and enhancing visitor safety. With the reopening, visitors can enjoy guided safaris, nature walks, and the park's stunning landscapes, including grasslands and forests. Local tourism operators are preparing special packages to enhance the visitor experience, reaffirming the park's commitment to wildlife conservation and sustainable tourism.

September 26 is celebrated as World Cassowary Day, recognizing the cassowary, known as the most dangerous bird in the world. Native to New Guinea and Northern Australia, these large, flightless birds can stand up to six feet tall and run at speeds of 31 miles per hour. Though typically shy, cassowaries can become highly dangerous when provoked, using their powerful legs and sharp claws to defend themselves. They hold cultural significance for Aboriginal groups, who are actively involved in cassowary conservation by blending traditional knowledge with modern science.

On September 25, 2024, IDFC Ltd announced that it has secured approval from the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) in Chennai for the merger of IDFC Financial Holding Company with IDFC, followed by their merger into IDFC First Bank. This decision is a significant milestone in the company's restructuring efforts. IDFC Ltd is in the process of obtaining a certified true copy of the NCLT order and completing necessary statutory formalities to implement the merger.

The Government of India has successfully launched the Nagar Van Yojana (NVY), achieving its goal of approving 111 Nagar Vans within the first 100 days, surpassing the initial target of 100. This initiative aims to improve urban greenery, enhance the quality of life, and foster social cohesion across cities. Under the NVY, each Nagar Van receives ₹4 lakh per hectare for establishment and maintenance, emphasizing biodiversity and community involvement. Additionally, the campaign Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam was inaugurated on World Environment Day by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, aiming to plant 80 crore trees by September 2024 as a tribute to maternal figures and to promote environmental stewardship. With over 75 crore saplings already planted, this campaign encourages widespread community participation to transform urban spaces into eco-friendly environments.

Researchers from New Zealand's National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) have identified a new species of ghost shark, named the Australasian Narrow-nosed Spookfish, during a study in the Chatham Rise, located east of New Zealand. Characterized by its long nose, bulged-out black eyes, chocolate brown skin, and unique wispy tail, this species is genetically distinct from its relatives. NIWA scientist Brit Finucci, who named the species Harriotta avia in honor of her grandmother, emphasized the challenges in studying these deep-sea fish, which are difficult to monitor due to their habitat. While ghost sharks are not currently endangered, they face threats from overfishing and are categorized as vulnerable or near threatened according to the IUCN. The discovery highlights the importance of ongoing research for the conservation of such elusive marine species.

On September 24, the Supreme Court requested a response from the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) regarding the early onset of stubble burning in Delhi NCR. Amicus curiae Senior Advocate Aparajita Singh brought attention to the issue, citing a newspaper report that indicated stubble burning had already begun. The Court emphasized the need for accountability and requested the CAQM to explain what measures have been implemented to address this problem. Last year, the Supreme Court had mandated stricter controls on stubble burning to mitigate air pollution, especially during the winter months when pollution levels typically rise. The Court has scheduled further discussions on the matter in the ongoing MC Mehta v. Union of India case, focusing on pollution management in the region.

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) has imposed a ₹1 crore penalty on Anmol Ambani, son of industrialist Anil Ambani, and a ₹15 lakh penalty on Krishnan Gopalakrishnan, former Chief Risk Officer of Reliance Housing Finance, for failing to exercise due diligence in approving general-purpose corporate loans. The penalties are linked to a previous case involving the diversion of funds from Reliance Home Finance Ltd, which led to a five-year market ban for Anil Ambani and fines totaling ₹25 crore. Both Anmol Ambani and Gopalakrishnan are required to pay their fines within 45 days, having violated Sebi's Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements (LODR) rules by disregarding board directives and failing to follow proper procedures in their loan approvals.

In a significant move to bolster wildlife conservation efforts, the Cabinet approved the continuation of the Centrally Sponsored Scheme for the Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats, allocating Rs. 2,602.98 crores for the 15th Finance Commission cycle. This scheme encompasses key components such as Project Tiger, Project Elephant, and the Development of Wildlife Habitat, aligning with the government's 100-day action plan. The initiative aims to enhance technological interventions in wildlife management, employing tools like the M-STrIPES mobile application and Artificial Intelligence for monitoring tiger populations. The scheme will benefit 55 tiger reserves, 33 elephant reserves, and 718 protected areas, while also generating over 50 lakh man-days of livelihood opportunities through direct and indirect employment. This approval underscores the government's commitment to balancing ecological sustainability with economic growth in wildlife conservation.

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has ordered a stay on road construction within Assam’s Barak Bhuban Wildlife Sanctuary, following a plea that claimed the work was being carried out without the necessary approvals as per the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam 1980. The plea alleges that M K Yadava, Special Secretary for Forests, permitted the diversion of forest land without proper authorization, amidst ongoing scrutiny for similar past violations. The NGT emphasized that no construction shall occur until the Central Government grants approval under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. The tribunal has requested responses from various authorities within four weeks, highlighting environmental concerns related to the ongoing illegal construction activities. Activist Rohit Choudhury has also raised alarms over significant ecological disturbances caused by the roadwork.

The Navegaon-Nagzira Tiger Reserve mourns the loss of its dominant male tiger, T9, discovered dead near the Nagzira tourism complex. Forest director Jayerame Gowda indicated that the 10-year-old tiger likely died from injuries sustained in a territorial fight with another male. The presence of recently reintroduced tigresses in the reserve may have attracted the assailant, highlighting the fierce nature of male tiger territorial battles. The cremation of T9's remains signifies a significant loss for the reserve, which relies on dominant males for genetic diversity and population stability. Conservation authorities are urged to monitor the situation closely to ensure the safety of the remaining tigers.

The Union Labour Ministry has initiated an investigation into the death of 26-year-old Anna Sebastian Perayil, a chartered accountant at Ernst and Young India, who allegedly died due to work-related stress. Minister of State for Labour, Shobha Karandlaje, expressed condolences and affirmed the commitment to probe claims of an unsafe work environment. Anna's mother, Anita Augustine, detailed in a letter her daughter's struggle with overwhelming work pressure shortly after joining the firm and criticized the company's culture that neglects employee well-being. Ernst and Young has responded with condolences, acknowledging the family's concerns and pledging to improve workplace conditions.

The Pench Tiger Reserve (PTR) in Madhya Pradesh is facing an ecological dilemma due to an overpopulation of spotted deer, which has now surpassed 40,000 individuals. This surge is stressing the reserve's habitats, particularly woodland grass and grasslands. The rich environment and absence of human habitation have contributed to this population boom. In response to the ecological strain, authorities have begun relocating deer to other tiger reserves, shifting around 2,000 deer in the past two years to support prey bases in Kuno National Park and Satpura Tiger Reserve. The PTR, known for its high density of herbivores, remains a critical ecosystem, but the current situation highlights the challenges of balancing wildlife populations and habitat sustainability.

In its first meeting since the elections, the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife (SC-NBWL) approved several infrastructure projects, including contentious transmission lines in Little Rann of Kutch and Goa's Mollem National Park. The meeting, which reviewed 121 projects across 12 states, highlighted concerns over unauthorized constructions in Madhya Pradesh's Son Gharial sanctuary. Despite local protests against deforestation, the board conditionally cleared a 400 kV transmission line, mandating that project work should await further approvals. The decisions sparked debates over the impact on biodiversity, prompting recommendations for protective measures such as bird diverters and the consideration of underground power lines to safeguard critical wildlife habitats.

The Union Cabinet, led by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, has approved the continuation of the Biotechnology Research Innovation and Entrepreneurship Development (Bio-RIDE) scheme, which merges two existing initiatives from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT). With a proposed outlay of Rs. 9,197 crore for the 15th Finance Commission period (2021-22 to 2025-26), the Bio-RIDE scheme aims to foster innovation, promote bio-entrepreneurship, and enhance India's global standing in biomanufacturing. Key components include Biotechnology R&D, Industrial & Entrepreneurship Development, and a new focus on Biomanufacturing and Biofoundry. The scheme seeks to bridge academic research and industrial applications while addressing national challenges in healthcare, agriculture, and environmental sustainability. Through various initiatives, it aims to nurture startups, advance cutting-edge research, and support sustainable practices in biotechnology.

Khar Village in Nagaland is buzzing with excitement as it prepares for the annual King Chilli Festival, a vibrant celebration of the region’s renowned Bhut Jolokia, or King Chilli. This fiery event features thrilling activities like chilli eating contests, cooking demonstrations, and local music performances. Local farmers proudly showcase their produce, attracting visitors from across India and beyond. The festival not only highlights Nagaland's culinary expertise but also reinforces community bonds through traditional dances and folk performances, emphasizing the region’s rich cultural heritage and unity.

In a significant conservation milestone, wildlife researchers have successfully fitted a radio collar on a Nilgiri tahr within the Anamalai Tiger Reserve. This initiative aims to enhance the study of the endangered Nilgiri tahr's behavior and migration patterns. The collar will provide real-time tracking data on the tahr’s habitat use, feeding habits, and interactions with other wildlife. This information is vital for developing effective conservation strategies and addressing threats such as habitat loss and poaching. The Anamalai Tiger Reserve, with its rich biodiversity, offers an ideal setting for this research, contributing to broader efforts to protect and ensure the survival of the Nilgiri tahr.

On September 12, the world commemorates the 127th anniversary of the Battle of Saragarhi, a remarkable stand of valor in military history. In 1897, 21 soldiers from the 36th Sikh Regiment (now 4 Sikh) faced an overwhelming force of over 8,000 tribal militants in a heroic defense that lasted seven hours. Despite being heavily outnumbered, the soldiers, led by Havildar Ishar Singh, fought valiantly, killing 200 militants and injuring 600. Their courage and sacrifice are celebrated through various honors, including posthumous awards and commemorations, such as Saragarhi Day and memorials by the British and the Shiromani Gurudwara Parbandhak Committee. The battle continues to be remembered for its extraordinary bravery and the indomitable spirit of its defenders.