Researchers at the Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST) in Guwahati, supported by the Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India, have made a significant breakthrough by discovering that Selegiline, an antidepressant, may be effectively repurposed to treat breast cancer. The study, led by Dr. Asis Bala, highlights Selegiline's anticancer properties, particularly against both estrogen and progesterone-positive (ER+ & PR+) breast cancer cells and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. This discovery could offer a cost-effective alternative to developing new drugs, leveraging the existing drug repurposing strategy. The research, published in Medical Oncology, reveals that Selegiline induces cancer cell death through a mechanism independent of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits protein kinase C phosphorylation. This groundbreaking study paves the way for further investigation into Selegiline's in vivo efficacy, dosage optimization, and potential side effects.

The Indian Air Force (IAF) has been authorized to acquire 240 Russian jet engines for its Su-30MKI fighter jets, a move aimed at strengthening the IAF’s operational capabilities and maintaining the performance of its aircraft. The Su-30MKI, crucial for India's air superiority and strategic operations, will benefit significantly from these new engines. This procurement underscores the ongoing defense collaboration between India and Russia and highlights India’s commitment to modernizing its defense technology and ensuring its fleet remains cutting-edge.

On August 29, 2024, Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) launched ‘Samudra Pratap,’ the first of two indigenous Pollution Control Vessels (PCVs) for the Indian Coast Guard. This landmark vessel, embodying a 72% indigenous content, signifies a major leap in India’s defense manufacturing and environmental protection capabilities. With a length of 114.5 meters and equipped with advanced pollution control technologies, ‘Samudra Pratap’ is designed to manage oil spills effectively. The launch event, attended by Defense Minister Sanjay Seth and senior officials, highlights the successful collaboration between GSL and the Indian Coast Guard. The vessel enhances the Coast Guard’s ability to respond to oil spills and reinforces India’s commitment to self-reliance in defense and maritime environmental protection.

A video showcasing a tarantula infected by Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, commonly known as the zombie fungus, has captivated the public and gone viral, amassing over 21 million views. The fungus, which primarily affects insects, controls its host's nervous system and consumes its body before sprouting from within to release spores. The footage, shared by Chris Ketola, the Head Field Research Coordinator for Fauna Forever, highlights the rare occurrence of this infection in tarantulas. Reactions to the video have ranged from fear to fascination, reflecting the eerie nature of the fungus's life cycle and its growing prominence due to popular media portrayals.

On August 30, 2024, five individuals fell unconscious while shifting acetanilide powder at the Shravan Shippings godown in Visakhapatnam. The affected workers—G. Ramu, Lakshmi, Latha, Kumari, and Demudu Babu—were hospitalized. The following day, Visakhapatnam Collector MN Harendhira Prasad and local MLA Ganababu visited the hospital to ensure the patients received adequate medical care. The condition of the hospitalized individuals is reported to be under control. Visakhapatnam Commissioner of Police Shankabratha Bagchi also visited the hospital to review the situation.

The Indian government plans to establish foot-and-mouth disease (FMD)-free zones in eight states to combat and eventually eradicate this debilitating livestock disease. The selected states—Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, and West Bengal—will benefit from targeted vaccination campaigns, enhanced surveillance, and farmer training. This initiative aims to improve livestock health, boost productivity, and enhance farmers' incomes while ensuring a safer food supply for the public.

Researchers have developed advanced sensors using Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and 2-dimensional (2D) materials for rapid, low-cost detection of health conditions, food quality, and environmental contaminants. These sensors boast high sensitivity and multimode detection capabilities, making them versatile tools for monitoring various environmental factors. In a separate study, the effects of fluoxetine, a common pharmaceutical pollutant, on male guppies were examined, revealing significant behavioral and physiological changes. The findings highlight the pollutant's potential to stabilize behavior, affecting the fish's adaptability to changing environments. The study underscores the need for improved wastewater treatment strategies to protect aquatic ecosystems from the long-term impacts of pharmaceutical pollutants.

Researchers have developed advanced electrochemical and optical sensors using Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and 2-dimensional (2D) materials. These innovative sensors are designed for rapid, low-cost detection of health conditions, food quality, and environmental contaminants. With their large surface area, high functionality, and optoelectronic properties, MOFs and 2D materials offer enhanced sensitivity and multimode detection capabilities. The sensors are not only useful for disease detection but also for analyzing food toxins and monitoring environmental quality.

On Tuesday, the Pakistani military completed a successful training launch of its surface-to-surface ballistic missile, Shaheen-II. This exercise focused on training troops, validating technical parameters, and assessing the performance of various sub-systems for enhanced missile accuracy and survivability. Senior officials from the Strategic Plans Division, Army Strategic Forces Command, and strategic organizations were present to observe the launch. The Director General of the Strategic Plans Division commended the scientists for their technical skills and dedication. President Asif Ali Zardari, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, and other top military officials extended their congratulations to the team. This launch follows a successful test of the Fateh-II Guided Rocket System in May, which has a range of 400 kilometers.

The Delhi government has directed three major hospitals in the city to establish specialized isolation rooms to manage the emerging threat of monkeypox. This proactive measure aims to provide a controlled environment for patients suspected of having the virus, ensuring they are kept separate from other patients. The initiative is part of a broader strategy to enhance healthcare infrastructure and improve the management of infectious diseases. By setting up these facilities, the government demonstrates its commitment to public health and aims to prevent the spread of monkeypox within the community.

A two-year-old child from Meghalaya has tested positive for polio, but health officials have confirmed that the case involves a vaccine-derived poliovirus and does not pose a threat to India’s polio-free status. Vaccine-derived polio can occur from the weakened virus used in oral polio vaccines, particularly in children with weakened immune systems. While India has been polio-free since 2014, vaccine-derived cases have been reported. The affected area, West Garo Hills, is under heightened surveillance to prevent further spread. Efforts are being made to immunize children in the region as a precaution. The country continues to use both oral and inactivated polio vaccines, with a focus on maintaining high immunization coverage to prevent outbreaks.

A recent study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals the discovery of vast amounts of liquid water deep within Mars' rocky outer crust, marking the first time such water has been detected on the planet. Researchers from the University of California San Diego utilized seismic data from NASA's Mars Insight Lander to identify a water-filled layer of fractured igneous rock, located 10 to 20 km below the surface. This discovery could provide new insights into Mars' water cycle and climate evolution, and while it doesn't confirm the presence of life, it significantly raises the possibility of finding habitable environments on the planet. However, extracting this water poses significant challenges, complicating future colonization efforts.

Recent research has identified importin-7 (IPO7) as a critical protein that facilitates the nuclear entry of flavivirus core proteins, essential for efficient viral replication. The study, led by Professor Toru Okamoto from Juntendo University, suggests that blocking IPO7's function could significantly reduce the production of viral particles in diseases caused by Flaviviridae viruses, including dengue, Zika, and West Nile virus. This discovery opens new avenues for therapeutic strategies targeting these globally significant pathogens.

To tackle issues such as delays, clerical errors, and financial loss in pension processing, the Department of Pension & Pensioners' Welfare (DOPPW) introduced the centralized pension processing software, ‘Bhavishya’, effective January 1, 2017. This software, now mandatory for all central civil ministries and departments, aims to streamline the pension process by integrating various stakeholders onto a single platform. As of August 14, 2024, ‘Bhavishya’ has been adopted by 99 ministries/departments, 1,020 offices, and 8,320 Drawing and Disbursing Officers (DDOs), issuing 250,845 Pension Payment Orders (PPOs). The software is ranked 3rd in the National e-Governance Service Delivery Assessment (NeSDA) 2021.

On August 16, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) achieved a significant milestone with the successful launch of the third developmental flight of the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV), known as SSLV-D3, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota. The SSLV-D3 precisely placed the Earth observation satellite EOS-08 into orbit, marking the completion of the SSLV Development Project. This accomplishment enables NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) and India’s private space sector to produce SSLVs for commercial use. The SSLV is designed to offer cost-effective, quick-turnaround launches with minimal infrastructure requirements, distinguishing itself from traditional launch vehicles like the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) by its efficiency and lower cost. Prime Minister Narendra Modi praised the SSLV for its role in advancing space missions and encouraging private industry.

In a surprising development, Earth's oldest and smallest life forms, including extremophiles, are demonstrating remarkable adaptability to climate change. Researchers have found that these ancient microorganisms are not only surviving but may be benefiting from the shifting environmental conditions. Studies reveal that they are expanding their range and increasing their populations as they exploit new niches created by climate change. This adaptation highlights the complexity of climate change impacts, suggesting that while many species struggle, some may find new opportunities in a warming world. Continued research into these organisms could provide valuable insights into how other species might adapt and thrive in changing climates.

In December 2023, German authorities made a significant Captagon seizure, capturing hundreds of kilos of the illicit drug valued at over €58 million. This incident underscores the drug's growing presence in Europe, previously thought to be confined primarily to the Middle East and North Africa, where Captagon is popular among young adults and fighters. Originally a legal drug in the 1960s for treating attention deficit disorders in Germany, Captagon was banned in 1986. The synthetic drug’s reemergence in the early 2000s in illicit markets has led to a thriving black market, particularly in Syria, the world's largest Captagon producer. Syrian President Bashar Assad denies governmental involvement in the drug trade, but reports indicate Captagon's economic significance to the nation, particularly under international sanctions. With Europe potentially becoming a major transshipment zone, coordinated efforts are essential to combat Captagon's production and distribution.

The Gopalganj police department in Bihar was placed on high alert after receiving a report of a potentially dangerous substance suspected to be Californium, a highly radioactive element. After a thorough investigation by a team of experts, it was determined that the substance was harmless. This discovery brought relief to the local community and highlighted the importance of rigorous verification processes in preventing panic. Authorities stressed the need for public awareness and accurate information dissemination, underlining the crucial role of vigilance and preparedness in maintaining public safety.

A recent study highlights the potential of biosurfactants derived from agro-industrial waste as a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic surfactants in the food industry. Surfactants are essential for emulsifying fats, improving shelf life, and retaining moisture in food products. However, synthetic additives have raised concerns about gut health and microbiome imbalance. Biosurfactants, produced by microorganisms, offer stable, safe, and effective properties for food applications. Led by Prof. Ashis K Mukherjee and his team at IASST, Guwahati, the research explores advanced production techniques and emphasizes the need for further safety assessments and cost-effective technologies to broaden the market for these natural surfactants.

The US Navy has introduced the AIM-174B missile in the Indo-Pacific region as part of a strategic effort to address China's growing aerial threat. Operational since July, the AIM-174B is the longest-range missile ever deployed by the US, capable of engaging targets up to 400 km (250 miles) away. This missile significantly outperforms China's PL-15, providing US aircraft with a critical edge in aerial combat. The AIM-174B’s extended range enhances the safety of key US assets, such as aircraft carriers, and could influence Chinese military strategies. With its advanced capabilities, the AIM-174B represents a significant shift in the strategic balance in the region.

Researchers from The University of Texas at Austin have made a significant advancement in environmental science by developing a novel method to trace the origin and destination of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known as "forever chemicals." Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and magnetic fields, the team has created a technique to track these persistent chemicals, which are notorious for their long-term environmental impact and health risks. The breakthrough allows for precise identification of PFAS through their unique carbon isotope fingerprints, addressing the challenges posed by their exceptionally strong molecular bonds. This advancement not only aids in tracking and regulating PFAS but also opens potential applications in fields such as counterfeit drug detection and astrobiology. The findings were detailed in a paper published in Environmental Science & Technology and represent a promising development in environmental monitoring and regulatory efforts.

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully conducted the first flight test of the Long Range Glide Bomb (GAURAV) from the Indian Air Force's Su-30 MK-I platform. The test, carried out off the coast of Odisha, showcased the bomb's precision with pinpoint accuracy. GAURAV, a 1,000 kg class air-launched glide bomb, utilizes a hybrid navigation system combining INS and GPS data, and was indigenously developed by Research Centre Imarat (RCI) in Hyderabad. The flight was meticulously monitored, and the successful test was praised by Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh and DRDO Chairman Dr. Samir V. Kamat.

Antibiotics, while essential in combating bacterial infections, pose a significant risk to the human microbiome when used irrationally. This article explores the crucial role of the microbiome in maintaining health, the potential consequences of antibiotic misuse—including antibiotic resistance and increased susceptibility to infections—and emphasizes the importance of judicious antibiotic use. It also highlights strategies such as promoting probiotic intake and ongoing research to mitigate these risks and protect the delicate balance of microorganisms in the body.

The Corbett Tiger Reserve has announced a new vaccination program for stray dogs within a 2 km radius of its boundaries. The initiative aims to combat the spread of diseases such as rabies, benefiting both local communities and wildlife. Veterinary teams and animal welfare organizations will carry out the vaccinations, with local residents encouraged to report stray dog sightings to aid the process. The program is designed to improve public health and protect the reserve's wildlife from potential disease outbreaks.

India is on the brink of commissioning its second nuclear-powered submarine, INS Arighat, enhancing its strategic deterrence capabilities. Built at the Ship-Building Centre in Vizag, INS Arighat is equipped with nuclear missiles and is expected to be formally commissioned within one to two months. Concurrently, India is advancing a project to build two nuclear-powered attack submarines with conventional weapons, currently awaiting final approval. The project, initially planned for six submarines, has been reduced to two, with the first expected to be completed in about a decade. This development comes as India seeks to strengthen its naval capabilities in response to China’s expanding submarine fleet. India’s current naval assets include one SSBN, 16 diesel-electric submarines, and a range of conventional submarines, while China boasts a significantly larger and more advanced fleet. The enhancements in India's nuclear and conventional submarines are vital for bolstering its defense posture and maintaining strategic credibility.

Tech billionaire Elon Musk's scheduled interview with former President Donald Trump on X was significantly disrupted due to a major DDOS attack. The attack, which overwhelmed the platform with excessive traffic, delayed the interview and might restrict the number of live listeners. Musk indicated that, in the worst case, the conversation might be available only to a limited live audience, with plans to post it online later. A DDOS attack, or Distributed Denial-of-Service attack, floods a server with traffic to disrupt its normal operations, utilizing compromised computer systems to generate the attack traffic.

A recent study by researchers at Imperial College London suggests that reducing daily exposure limits to silica dust from 0.1 mg/m³ to 0.05 mg/m³ could potentially save approximately 13,000 lives worldwide. The research, published in the British Medical Journal on August 8, 2024, highlights the severe health risks associated with current exposure standards, including the risk of developing silicosis, a serious lung disease. The study indicates that lowering exposure limits could reduce silicosis cases by 77% over a 40-year working lifetime. The findings also emphasize the urgent need for more data on silicosis, particularly in developing countries where safety measures are often lacking.

NASA has officially decommissioned the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), an orbiting telescope that has played a key role in mapping the sky in infrared light since its launch in December 2009. Despite its significant contributions, including the discovery of over 34,000 asteroids and comets, the decision to shut down WISE was driven by the telescope's aging technology and reduced functionality. This move marks the end of an era for infrared space observation as NASA shifts focus to newer, more advanced technologies.

The Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) has issued a critical advisory to combat Koleroga disease affecting arecanut plantations. Koleroga, a fungal disease, poses a serious threat by damaging leaves and reducing yields. The advisory includes essential guidelines such as regular monitoring, use of resistant plant varieties, proper sanitation, and the application of fungicides. Farmers are encouraged to follow these recommendations to control the disease effectively, prevent its spread, and maintain the health of their plantations.

This weekend, skywatchers will enjoy the Perseid meteor shower, which will peak during the late night of Sunday, August 11, and into the early morning of Monday. With minimal moonlight and optimal viewing conditions, this meteor shower is one of the best annual celestial events. The Perseids, known for their bright, swift meteors and spectacular fireballs, will be visible from approximately 11 pm to early morning. The shower is caused by debris from Comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle and offers a unique viewing experience, especially when observed from dark, remote locations away from city lights. For those who cannot watch in person, live streams are available online.

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is on the cusp of finalizing the Pinaka-MK3, a state-of-the-art long-range rocket launcher that will extend India's strike capabilities to 300 kilometers. This advanced system, which boasts improved range, accuracy, and firepower, is a significant upgrade from its predecessors. As a critical component in modern warfare, the Pinaka-MK3 is set to enhance India's defense infrastructure and overall military deterrence. The system will undergo rigorous testing and validation before its anticipated deployment, providing the Indian armed forces with a powerful tool to safeguard national security.

A groundbreaking study published in Nature Communications has settled the debate surrounding the origins of Homo floresiensis, a small archaic human species from Flores, Indonesia. Researchers from Japan, Indonesia, and Australia analyzed 700,000-year-old fossil remains, including a miniature human arm and dental fossils, revealing that early hominins were even smaller than previously estimated. These findings, based on fossils from the Mata Menge site, provide new insights into the evolution and body size of Homo floresiensis, which was previously identified in Liang Bua caves. The study suggests that the small stature evolved over 300,000 years from Homo erectus and highlights the complexities in understanding the lineage and development of this unique species.

A new plant-based supplement, 'NBRI-Gout Out,' developed by CSIR-NBRI, offers a promising natural treatment for gouty arthritic conditions. Aimed at improving the lifestyle of aged and compromised patients, this supplement restores locomotion and alleviates symptoms such as joint pain and stiffness. The herbal product, funded under the Department of Science and Technology's SEED Division, combines five medicinal plants and has shown significant efficacy in reducing uric acid levels and inflammatory mediators in clinical tests. It is water-soluble, cost-effective, and has attracted commercial interest from two companies. The supplement can be used as an adjuvant therapy alongside existing treatments for gout.

The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore has developed a cutting-edge footwear technology for armed forces personnel. These shoes, equipped with Tribo-Electric Nanogenerator (TENG) technology, generate electricity with every step, which is stored and can power small electronic devices. Additionally, the shoes feature Global Positioning System (GPS) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies for real-time location tracking. The first batch of 10 pairs has been delivered to the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). This innovation, guided by Professor I A Palani and endorsed by IIT Indore Director Professor Suhas Joshi, aims to enhance safety, coordination, and efficiency for military personnel and has potential applications in various civilian sectors, including monitoring seniors, schoolchildren, climbers, and athletes.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has convened an emergency meeting to evaluate the recent surge in monkeypox (Mpox) cases in Congo and neighboring countries. The meeting will determine if the outbreak constitutes a public health emergency of international concern. WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has announced that an independent committee will assess the situation. The Democratic Republic of Congo has reported over 27,000 cases and more than 1,100 deaths, with a significant impact on children. Mpox has spread to 10 African nations this year, with over 96% of cases in Congo. The virus, previously declared a global emergency in 2022, is showing a 160% increase in cases this year, primarily affecting youths. Key symptoms include fever, chills, respiratory problems, swollen lymph nodes, and muscle pain.

Astronomers are intently observing Eta Carinae, a hypergiant star approximately 100 times the mass of the Sun, located 7,500 light-years away in the Carina Nebula. Known for its immense size and luminosity, Eta Carinae is a prime candidate for a future supernova. This star's volatile history includes a significant outburst 170 years ago, known as the Great Eruption, which created the distinctive Homunculus Nebula. Despite its past eruptions and current instability, predicting the exact timing of its potential supernova remains challenging. Eta Carinae's unique features, such as emitting natural laser light, and recent Hubble Space Telescope images highlighting its surrounding nebula, add to its enigmatic nature. The anticipated explosion promises to be one of the most significant astronomical events in recent history, offering valuable insights into the life cycles of massive stars.

Astronomers have discovered ten unique neutron stars, or pulsars, in the globular cluster Terzan 5, located 18,000 light-years from Earth. These pulsars are noted for their rapid spinning and peculiar behaviors, including "spider pulsars" that destroy nearby stars with high-energy radiation and a speed demon neutron star that consumes its companion stars. The findings, made using the Green Bank and MeerKAT Telescopes, reveal a diverse range of pulsars within one of the Milky Way's most densely packed star clusters. The research offers new insights into pulsar evolution and opens the door for further studies and public involvement through citizen science projects.

Researchers from Singapore General Hospital (SGH), A*STAR's Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), and NUS Medicine have discovered a new clade of Candida auris, increasing the total number of known clades to six. C. auris is a highly transmissible fungus that poses significant public health risks, particularly to patients with severe medical conditions and invasive devices. The new clade was detected in 2023 in a patient who had not traveled abroad, leading to further investigation and confirmation using machine-learning techniques. This discovery, published in The Lancet Microbe, highlights the need for improved surveillance and early detection methods to manage emerging public health threats.

The central government has unveiled the recipients of the first-ever Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar (RVP) 2024, with the award ceremony scheduled for August 23 at the Rashtrapati Bhavan Cultural Centre. This event will coincide with the inaugural National Space Day, celebrating the Chandrayaan-3 mission's successful moon landing. The awards include four categories: Vigyan Ratna, Vigyan Shri, Vigyan Yuva, and Vigyan Team. Notably, biochemist Govindarajan Padmanabhan will receive the Vigyan Ratna Puraskar for lifetime achievements, while the ISRO-Chandrayan 3 Team will be honored with the Vigyan Team Award. The Vigyan Yuva Award will recognize young scientists across various fields, and the Vigyan Shri Award will honor a diverse group of contributors. The RVP awards aim to acknowledge exceptional work in science and technology, without any cash rewards, and are not conferred posthumously except in highly deserving cases.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is preparing to launch the Earth Observation Satellite-8 (EOS-8) on August 15. The satellite will be deployed using the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)-D3 from Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. EOS-8, built on the Microsat/IMS-1 bus, aims to advance satellite technology with its three payloads: Electro Optical Infrared Payload (EOIR) for capturing images in MIR and LWIR bands, Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) for remote sensing applications, and SiC UV Dosimeter for monitoring UV irradiance and gamma radiation. The mission, which has a planned lifespan of one year, introduces significant advancements in satellite mainframe systems with the Communication, Baseband, Storage, and Positioning (CBSP) Package.

A recent study has revealed that sucralose, a popular non-nutritive sweetener, can be a beneficial tool for managing blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. Sucralose is much sweeter than sugar but contains negligible calories, making it an attractive option for reducing sugar intake without sacrificing taste. The research found that sucralose does not significantly impact blood glucose levels when used properly, supporting better glycemic control and overall diabetes management. Experts recommend including sucralose in a balanced diet while consulting healthcare professionals for personalized advice on sweetener intake.

Bluetongue disease, a viral infection transmitted by biting midges, has been detected across all Dutch provinces. This disease primarily impacts ruminants such as sheep, cattle, and goats. Key symptoms include fever and swelling of the mouth and nose. The Dutch authorities are responding with measures such as vaccination and vector control to manage and contain the outbreak. The widespread nature of the disease poses significant concerns for livestock health and the agricultural sector.

The Union Health Ministry has introduced Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) aimed at optimizing the transport of human organs through air, road, railways, and waterways. These SOPs provide a comprehensive framework for improving the efficiency and safety of organ retrieval and transplantation. Key measures include priority procedures for air transport, creation of green corridors for ambulances, and special protocols for metro transit. The guidelines ensure adherence to best practices, enhance coordination between agencies, and address the critical nature of live organ transport. The SOPs were developed with input from NITI Aayog and transplant professionals, underscoring the importance of streamlined processes in saving lives.

A recent study by the Advertising Standards Council of India and Parallel HQ has uncovered that deceptive design tactics, known as dark patterns, are prevalent in 52 of the 53 mobile applications surveyed. These tactics, including misleading buttons, hidden pricing, and fake urgency, manipulate users into making unintended decisions, such as signing up for costly subscriptions or purchasing additional items without clear disclosure. Coined by user experience designer Harry Brignull in 2010, dark patterns are designed to exploit user behavior for the benefit of app designers and advertisers. The study underscores the need for greater transparency and regulatory measures to protect consumers from these exploitative practices.

Bangladesh faced significant political upheaval on Monday when Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigned and left the country, following weeks of violent protests over a government jobs quota scheme. The flight carrying Sheikh Hasina, a Lockheed C-130J Hercules military transport jet, became the most tracked flight on Flightradar24.com. The jet departed Dhaka, made a brief stopover in Kolkata, and landed at the Hindon Indian Air Force base near Delhi. Meanwhile, the Bangladesh Army chief announced Sheikh Hasina's resignation and pledged to restore order and justice. The unrest, which began in June, has resulted in nearly 300 deaths and widespread demands for Hasina's resignation, marking the end of her 15-year reign.

The global spread of Lyme disease is being exacerbated by climate change, making it more difficult to diagnose and treat. Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted through tick bites, has become a growing health concern since its identification in Lyme, Connecticut, in 1975. Ticks secrete an anti-inflammatory substance that masks their feeding, allowing the infection to enter the bloodstream undetected.

A groundbreaking study has utilized artificial intelligence (AI) to reprogram glioblastoma cells into dendritic cells (DCs) capable of targeting and destroying cancer cells. Glioblastoma, the deadliest brain cancer with a less than 10% five-year survival rate, has been challenging to treat due to the blood-brain barrier. The research, led by the Keck School of Medicine of USC and supported by the National Institutes of Health, found that this AI-driven method improved survival rates by up to 75% in mouse models. The study also identified specific genes that could be used to convert human glioblastoma cells into DCs. Future research aims to refine this approach, conduct animal testing, and eventually seek clinical trials to evaluate its safety and efficacy in patients.

The Indian Air Force (IAF) has granted approval to the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) to produce 200 Astra air-to-air missiles. These missiles are intended for the IAF's Su-30 and LCA Tejas fighter jets. The clearance was given during a visit to Hyderabad by Deputy Chief Air Marshal Ashutosh Dixit. The Astra program aims to bolster India's aerial combat capabilities, with the Astra Mark 1 already in service and development ongoing for the Astra Mark 2. The DRDO is focusing on extending the missile's range beyond the current 100 kilometres. The indigenous missile development initiative began in 2001, led by Hyderabad’s Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL).

At 41, table tennis player Sharath Kamal is leveraging genetic screening to enhance his preparation for the 2024 Paris Olympics. This emerging practice, which began influencing sports in the late 1990s, helps athletes optimize performance by identifying food allergies and nutritional needs. The Indian cricket team adopted genetic testing in 2017 to improve player attributes such as speed and endurance. The scientific basis of these tests involves analyzing DNA to understand how genetic variations affect athletic traits. Notable genes like ACE and ACTN3 have been linked to performance in endurance and strength sports. Despite its benefits, genetic testing has faced criticism for its limitations and the potential for misuse in talent identification.

India has announced a significant financial commitment of $85 million to support the World Health Organization's Global Traditional Medicine Centre. This contribution aims to advance research, establish guidelines, and integrate traditional medicine into global health systems. The investment is set to enhance the Centre’s capabilities, improve worldwide access to traditional medicine, and reinforce international collaboration in the field. India’s pledge highlights its leadership in promoting traditional medicine and its strategic role in global healthcare.

The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) demonstrated the advanced 'Typhoon' vehicle at its Transport Battalion in Chandigarh, marking a key step in modernizing its logistical and operational capabilities. The Typhoon-K, a versatile all-terrain vehicle available in 6×6 and 4×4 variants, is designed for troop transport, cargo delivery, and technical system deployment. It features high-performance diesel engines, automatic transmissions, and a hydropneumatic suspension system for superior mobility and comfort. The vehicle is built to offer robust protection against mines and ballistic threats. Produced locally by Vehicle Factory Jabalpur under license from KAMAZ, the Typhoon supports the 'Make in India' initiative and enhances the ITBP’s operational efficiency and safety.

A team of Indian astronomers has unveiled 34 new giant radio sources (GRSs) using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) near Pune. The discovery, part of the TIFR GMRT Sky Survey (TGSS), highlights the telescope's capability to map the radio sky at 150 MHz. The team, including PhD students and astronomers from SKBU and MCC, published their findings in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. This research challenges previous notions about GRS environments and distances, revealing sources in dense galaxy clusters and farther from Earth than previously known. The study offers new insights into the evolution of radio galaxies and the role of supermassive black holes in their development.

Recent research has unveiled the presence of naturally occurring graphene flakes in lunar soil, marking a significant advancement in our understanding of this extraordinary material. Conducted by a team of researchers led by Professors Meng Zou and Wei Zhang, along with senior engineer Xiujuan Li and Wencai Ren, the study analyzed a small sample of lunar soil collected by the Chang’e 5 mission in 2020. The discovery, made using specialized spectrometry, identifies graphene layers within the lunar soil, potentially formed by volcanic activity, solar winds, and meteorite impacts. This finding has profound implications for lunar technology, including the development of lightweight, durable materials and advanced electronics. The breakthrough paves the way for future lunar missions and highlights the potential for utilizing lunar resources in space exploration.

INS Shalki, an Indian naval submarine, arrived at the port of Colombo on Friday for a two-day formal visit. The Sri Lanka Navy welcomed the submarine following traditional naval customs. Commanded by Commander Rahul Patnaik, INS Shalki is a 64.4-meter vessel with a crew of 40. During the visit, Sri Lankan naval personnel will engage in an awareness program about the submarine’s operational features. The Commanding Officer also met Rear Admiral Chinthaka Kumarasinghe, Commander of the Western Naval Area. The crew is expected to explore local tourist attractions before INS Shalki departs on August 4. The last Indian submarine visit to Colombo was by INS Karanj on February 3, prior to Sri Lanka's 76th independence anniversary.

A recent study reveals that osmolytes, small molecules crucial for protein stability, play a significant role in preventing protein misfolding under stress. Conducted by Dr. Shubhasis Haldar and Deep Chaudhuri at the S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, the research utilized covalent magnetic tweezers to investigate the interactions between the protein Protein L and two osmolytes, Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and trehalose. The study found that TMAO enhances Protein L's resistance to unfolding at higher concentrations, while trehalose stabilizes the protein's unfolded state. Published in Nanoscale, these findings could pave the way for novel treatments for diseases related to protein misfolding, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Researchers have developed an innovative Zn-air battery device that combines a durable cathode catalyst and anti-freezing electrolyte, making it suitable for remote areas like the Himalayas where conventional batteries fail in extreme cold. The device, created by Dr. Aniruddha Kundu and his team at CSIR-CMERI, features a CoFe/Fe3C alloy/carbide hybrid structure, showing remarkable efficacy in both liquid and solid-state batteries under sub-zero temperatures. This advancement represents a significant step towards sustainable and resilient energy solutions for consumers and military personnel in harsh climates.

Victoria, Australia, has recorded 71 confirmed cases of Legionnaires' disease, with a woman succumbing to the illness. The outbreak is suspected to have originated from cooling towers in Melbourne's industrial west, although the exact source remains unidentified. The Victorian Department of Health is conducting inspections and disinfection of over 100 cooling towers in the affected areas. Health officials have issued advisories for individuals in Melbourne since mid-July to seek medical attention if they exhibit symptoms such as chest infection, fever, chills, cough, and headaches. Authorities are also investigating environmental factors like weather patterns and wind directions that might have contributed to the spread of the bacteria.

A new study conducted by researchers at the S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences in Kolkata has highlighted the critical role of Kindlins—adapter proteins found in vertebrate cells—in various cancers. These proteins are integral to several signaling pathways, and targeting them could pave the way for new cancer treatments that address multiple disease aspects simultaneously. The study, which analyzed data from 10,000 patients with 33 types of cancer, found that Kindlin mutations can disrupt cellular homeostasis, leading to cancer progression. Published in the journal Communications Biology, the research underscores the potential of Kindlins as promising targets for innovative cancer therapies, offering new strategies to combat chemoresistance and tumor relapse.

Recent research has identified a higher-than-expected rate of gene mutations in patients with Parkinson's disease, revealing new complexities in the genetic landscape of this neurological disorder. Conducted by a team of geneticists and neurologists, the study found that certain gene mutations associated with Parkinson’s are more prevalent than previously thought, suggesting a significant role of genetics in the disease's development. The findings, highlighted by lead researcher Dr. Jane Smith, could lead to improved genetic screening, earlier diagnosis, and personalized treatment plans, paving the way for targeted therapies and better patient outcomes.

The Indian Air Force (IAF) is experiencing substantial delays in the delivery of Tejas light combat aircraft from Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), primarily due to supply-chain issues affecting the delivery of GE Aerospace’s F404 engines. Initially scheduled for March 31, 2024, the first batch of Tejas fighters is now expected by August 2024, causing concerns over the IAF's operational readiness. The ₹48,000 crore deal to deliver 83 Tejas Mk-1A fighters aims to phase out ageing MiG-21 fighters, but ongoing delays jeopardize this plan. Despite efforts from HAL and government scrutiny, the IAF explores alternative options, including accelerating the procurement of foreign-made fighter jets to maintain its strategic capabilities.

Union Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Anupriya Patel, announced a new action plan to manage Zika virus disease. The plan outlines detailed public health actions and is available on the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare's website. The government has also issued Technical Guidelines for Integrated Vector Management and supports states with preventive measures through the National Health Mission. The Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) manages surveillance and response to Zika virus outbreaks. As of 2024, 13 Zika cases have been reported in India, with 10 from Maharashtra and 3 from Karnataka.

On July 29, 2024, a Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) meeting, chaired by Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh, reviewed and approved several capital acquisition proposals. The DAC granted Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) for the procurement of the Advanced Land Navigation System (ALNS) for the Armoured Fighting Vehicles (AFVs) of the Indian Army. The ALNS Mk-II, featuring spoof-proof technology and high-level encryption, is compatible with the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS, NavIC), GPS, and GLONASS, and will be sourced from Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), Chennai. Additionally, AoN was accorded for the acquisition of 22 state-of-the-art Interceptor Boats for the Indian Coast Guard, designed for rapid interception and effective operation in shallow waters, enhancing coastal surveillance, patrolling, search and rescue operations, including medical evacuations.

Researchers at the Center for Nanomedicine within the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Yonsei University in South Korea have developed a groundbreaking technology called Nano-MIND (Magnetogenetic Interface for NeuroDynamics). This technology enables wireless, remote, and precise modulation of specific deep brain neural circuits using magnetic fields and magnetized nanoparticles. In their experiments, researchers successfully activated specific neurons in various brain regions of mice, leading to significant behavioural changes such as increased nurturing behaviours and altered feeding patterns. This innovation holds immense potential for understanding brain functions, advancing brain-computer interfaces, and developing new treatments for neurological disorders.

Oropouche fever, a viral illness transmitted by mosquitoes, has been causing significant outbreaks in Brazil. The disease is caused by the Oropouche virus, leading to symptoms such as sudden fever, headache, muscle pain, and sometimes rash and gastrointestinal issues. Diagnosis is typically based on clinical symptoms and confirmed through blood tests. Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for Oropouche fever; management focuses on supportive care. Preventive measures include avoiding mosquito bites. The recent rise in cases in Brazil highlights the need for enhanced public health measures to control the spread of this disease.

The European Space Agency's (ESA) Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) will execute a critical maneuver on August 20, 2024, with a close flyby of Earth. The spacecraft will approach within 4,200 miles (6,800 kilometers) of our planet, allowing for a gravity-assisted trajectory adjustment essential for its journey to Jupiter. Launched in April 2023, JUICE is Europe’s first mission targeting Jupiter and its largest moons—Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa. This flyby will also test JUICE’s RIME (Radar for Icy Moon Exploration) antenna and provide an opportunity for public observation through binoculars or telescopes. JUICE’s efficient trajectory benefits from gravity assists, reducing the amount of propellant needed, and the mission will include additional flybys of Venus and Earth before reaching Jupiter in 2031.

Scientists have made a significant breakthrough by successfully creating Livermorium, a pivotal step towards the synthesis of Element 120, the world’s heaviest atom. Livermorium, named after the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, was first synthesized in 2000 and has paved the way for further research into superheavy elements. The race to produce Element 120 involves overcoming substantial challenges, including the production of adequate quantities and verifying its stability. The discovery of Element 120 could offer valuable insights into advanced materials and nuclear physics, marking a new chapter in the exploration of the periodic table.

Russian President Vladimir Putin greeted Indian Navy personnel onboard INS Tabar during Russia’s Navy Day celebrations in St Petersburg. The Main Naval Parade on the Neva River featured 20 surface ships, four sailing vessels, and a submarine. Russian and foreign combat ships, including INS Tabar, participated. Nearly 2,500 troops marched in Senate Square. INS Tabar’s visit underscores strengthened maritime cooperation between Russia and India, aligning with India’s policy of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam. INS Tabar, a stealth frigate equipped with advanced weapons and sensors, is part of the Indian Navy’s Western Fleet based in Mumbai.

Recent Listeria outbreaks in the US and Canada have raised significant health concerns, particularly affecting vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, newborns, elderly adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Listeria monocytogenes, the bacterium responsible for listeriosis, is often transmitted through contaminated foods like deli meats and soft cheeses. Symptoms of listeriosis include fever, muscle aches, and gastrointestinal issues. Preventative measures include cooking meats thoroughly, avoiding unpasteurized dairy products, and maintaining good food hygiene. Health agencies like the CDC and Health Canada are actively working to track and manage these outbreaks through public alerts and recalls.

The ketamine pill offers a new treatment avenue for individuals with depression that has not responded to conventional therapies. It is noted for its potential to provide rapid relief from symptoms, often within hours or days. However, the treatment is not without its drawbacks; patients may experience side effects such as dissociation and hallucinations, and the long-term impacts are not yet fully understood. Additionally, the pill's high cost and limited availability may affect patient access. Ongoing research is essential to fully assess the benefits and risks associated with this innovative treatment.

At the Farnborough International Airshow 2024, Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) unveiled their new air-to-surface missile, the "Wind Demon." This advanced weapon, weighing 140 kilograms (308 pounds), is designed for launch from attack helicopters and fighter jets. It boasts a range of over 200 kilometers (124 miles) and can operate at very low altitudes to evade enemy defenses. The Wind Demon is equipped with laser-homing seekers and electro-optics for precise targeting, and it features a high level of accuracy with a circular error probability of just one meter (3.3 feet). IAI emphasizes the missile's cost efficiency, positioning it as a reliable solution for modern warfare challenges.

The NOvA experiment has released a new dataset that has generated significant excitement in the particle physics community. The data presents intriguing insights into a particularly elusive subatomic particle, revealing discrepancies that challenge current theoretical models. These findings suggest the potential presence of new physical phenomena or forces. Researchers are now focused on interpreting these results and determining whether they indicate new physics or merely reflect experimental errors. The ongoing analysis of this data is expected to influence theoretical frameworks and inspire further research in the field of particle physics.

On 23 July, Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) successfully launched the first indigenously-built Talwar class frigate, 'Triput'. This significant milestone comes shortly after reports indicated Russia's plan to deliver the first of the same class, 'Tushil', to the Indian Navy by September 2024, with a second frigate, 'Tamal', expected by February 2025. This launch is part of a 2016 agreement between India and Russia for four Admiral Grigorovich class frigates, with two to be built in India through technology transfer. The Indian Navy currently operates six ships of this class, equipped with advanced weaponry and versatile capabilities. Despite facing delays due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war, the project marks a notable advancement in India's maritime strength.

Meta has introduced Llama 3.1, the latest version of its open-source artificial intelligence model. This innovative model is designed to foster transparency, collaboration, and innovation within the AI community. Open-source AI models, like Llama 3.1, provide the public with access to their design and implementation, allowing for widespread enhancements and applications. The potential global impact of Llama 3.1 spans various sectors, including healthcare, education, business, and scientific research.

Recent research has revealed a promising new use for a medication traditionally employed to treat blood clots. This drug, known for its effectiveness in managing thrombotic conditions, has demonstrated potential in counteracting the severe effects of cobra venom. Cobra venom, which can cause significant health issues including bleeding disorders and tissue damage, was found to be mitigated by the drug in test models. This breakthrough opens doors for the development of more effective antivenoms and enhanced treatment options for snakebite victims. Further research is required to fully understand the drug's mechanisms and confirm its clinical efficacy, but the findings suggest a significant advancement in both toxicology and pharmacology.

Researchers have discovered magnetofossils—fossilized magnetic particles from magnetotactic bacteria—in rock varnish layers in Ladakh, India. This finding suggests that biotic processes contribute to the formation of rock varnish and demonstrates how life can thrive in extreme environments. The study, conducted by scientists from the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences (BSIP), reveals that Ladakh's rock varnish contains enriched magnetic minerals, potentially originating from biotic sources. This discovery is significant for astrobiology, as it offers a valuable terrestrial analogue for Martian studies and could aid in identifying habitable environments on Mars. The research underscores the importance of rock varnish in preserving ancient environmental records and planning future space missions.

The Indian Navy is investigating the mysterious capsizing of the guided-missile frigate INS Brahmaputra, an incident that adds to a troubling series of recent naval accidents. The investigation aims to uncover the causes of the accident, amidst growing concerns about the safety and operational readiness of the naval fleet. The string of incidents has highlighted potential issues within the fleet's maintenance and training protocols, prompting a comprehensive review of safety measures and operational practices to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of naval vessels.

Scientists at the Agharkar Research Institute (ARI) in India have identified a new strain of lactic acid bacteria, named MCC0200, which holds significant potential for improving human health. This newly discovered probiotic strain has demonstrated a strong affinity for intestinal surfaces, enhancing gut health and exhibiting antioxidant properties to combat oxidative stress. Additionally, MCC0200’s ability to assimilate cholesterol could lower serum cholesterol levels, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Researchers believe that MCC0200 could be a valuable candidate for applications in both the food and pharmaceutical industries, offering promising benefits for overall wellness.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has reached a significant milestone by successfully conducting an experimental flight of its innovative air-breathing propulsion system. This system utilizes atmospheric oxygen for combustion, potentially making space travel more efficient and cost-effective. The experimental flight aimed to validate the technology and gather data for future improvements. This success highlights ISRO's dedication to advancing space technology and sets the stage for further development and integration of this propulsion system in upcoming space missions.

Armenia's interest in acquiring India's Pralay missile marks a significant opportunity for India to enhance its position as a missile exporter. The Pralay missile, developed by DRDO, is a mobile, canister-based Surface-to-Surface Short-Range Ballistic Missile (SRBM) with a range of 150-500 km. Its advanced features, including quasi-ballistic trajectory and radar signature reduction, make it challenging to intercept, offering strategic advantages over traditional ballistic missiles.

Brazil, the leading global chicken exporter, has temporarily stopped poultry exports to several countries following a Newcastle disease outbreak in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The outbreak led to the death of approximately 7,000 birds on a local farm, with an additional 7,000 culled as part of containment measures. The restrictions, which could impact 50,000 to 60,000 metric tons of poultry exports, affect sales to 44 countries, including China and Japan. The agriculture ministry has declared an animal health emergency and is enforcing export limits according to World Organisation for Animal Health guidelines. This is Brazil's first Newcastle disease outbreak since 2006.

A study conducted by researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Mandi in Himachal Pradesh has found that Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) technology exhibits the least environmental impact among various solar cell technologies in India. The study assessed five solar cell technologies—CdTe, mono-silicon, polysilicon, Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS), and Passivated Emitter & Rear Contact (PERC)—using a detailed Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) tool that considered eighteen environmental impact categories. CdTe emerged as the most environmentally friendly option, followed closely by CIGS. The research emphasizes the importance of LCA in guiding policymakers toward sustainable technology choices, with future studies planned to include the recycling and end-of-life phases of solar technology. Despite advancements in clean energy, challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted India's solar supply chain. The study aims to support India's shift towards green solar manufacturing, aligning with global clean energy goals.

A group of 32 scientists from 10 countries, including researchers from Finland, Poland, India, China, USA, Czech Republic, Japan, Germany, Spain, and Italy, have observed the presence of a smaller black hole orbiting a larger one in the galaxy OJ 287 for the first time. This discovery was confirmed by multiple international research groups and NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The study's findings indicate the difficulty in directly imaging the smaller black hole due to the galaxy's great distance, but it is expected to emit detectable nano-Hertz gravitational waves in the future.

The European Space Agency's Gaia spacecraft, launched in December 2013 to map over a billion stars in the Milky Way, recently faced and addressed significant challenges. In April, Gaia was struck by a high-speed micrometeoroid, damaging its protective cover and allowing stray sunlight to interfere with its sensors. This was followed by a charge coupled device (CCD) failure in May, coinciding with a solar storm that led to thousands of false readings. Despite these setbacks, ESA's teams and Airbus Defence and Space collaboratively modified software thresholds to reduce false detections. The adjustments allowed Gaia to refocus its twin telescopes and continue producing some of the highest quality data of its mission.

Scientists are delving into the origins of life by studying LUCA, the Last Universal Common Ancestor, a simple single-celled organism that lived around 4 billion years ago. Recent advancements in genetic analysis have allowed researchers to reconstruct LUCA's genome, offering insights into the basic biochemical processes that led to the diversity of life today. This research not only deepens our understanding of evolutionary biology but also holds potential clues for the existence of life on other planets.

Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh inaugurated Asia's first health research-related "Pre-clinical Network Facility" under the Coalition of Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) at the Regional Centre of Biotechnology in Faridabad. The BRIC-THSTI facility, selected for its capability to handle BSL3 pathogens, is the 9th such network globally and the first in Asia. Dr. Singh also inaugurated the "Genetically Defined Human Associated Microbial Culture Collection (Ge-HuMic) Facility," which will serve as a repository for microbial cultures and foster collaborations in research. Celebrating the 14th Foundation Day of THSTI, Dr. Singh praised the institute's contributions to vaccine development and emphasized India's role in preventive healthcare. The event highlighted the institute’s achievements, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and outlined future directions for research and development.

On July 14, the Indian warship INS Teg rescued nine sailors, including eight Indians and one Sri Lankan, from the Comoros-flagged oil tanker MT Falcon Prestige, which capsized off the Oman coast. The vessel, with a crew of 16, sank 40 nautical kilometers southeast of Ras Madrakah in Oman. Indian Navy assets and Omani agencies continue search and rescue operations. The Indian Navy has deployed its maritime surveillance aircraft, P-8I, to assist in the efforts. The tanker was headed for Aden, Yemen, having departed from Dubai’s Hamriya port.

The Gujarat government has confirmed the deaths of six children and reported a total of 12 suspected cases of Chandipura virus (CHPV) infection since July 10. The virus, transmitted by sandflies and certain mosquito species, causes flu-like symptoms initially but can progress rapidly to severe neurological complications such as encephalitis. With no specific treatment or vaccine available, management focuses on symptomatic relief and controlling brain inflammation to reduce mortality. The outbreak underscores the endemic nature of CHPV in central India and highlights the need for continued vigilance and public health measures.

The Ministry of Defence has unveiled its fifth Positive Indigenisation List (PIL), consisting of 346 crucial defence items aimed at reducing import dependency and promoting domestic manufacturing. Valued at Rs 1,048 crore, these items will be procured exclusively from Indian industries after specified timelines for indigenisation. This initiative, supported by the SRIJAN PORTAL launched in 2020, encourages participation from DPSUs, MSMEs, and start-ups, furthering Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision of 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat'. With significant progress already made through previous PILs, this effort marks a substantial stride towards self-reliance in defence production.

The Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI) has warned potato farmers across India of a high risk of late blight disease caused by Phytophthora Infestans, a fungal infection favored by cool, moist weather conditions. Director Brajesh Singh emphasized the importance of proactive management and timely fungicide application to prevent substantial yield losses. The advisory includes specific recommendations for fungicide use and stresses the need for proper field drainage and weed control. Additionally, Himachal Pradesh is highlighted as a significant hub for potato production, benefiting from ideal climatic conditions and low aphid populations, which contribute to high-quality potato seed and table potato cultivation.

Velmenni, a telecom startup, has been awarded a grant by the Ministry of Defence (MoD) under the Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX) initiative for its groundbreaking Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) technology. This grant aims to bolster wireless communication within the defence sector, particularly addressing the unique challenges faced by the Navy in harsh environments. Li-Fi technology, which uses LED bulbs for data transmission through visible, infrared, or ultraviolet light, offers speeds up to 224GB per second, significantly outperforming current Wi-Fi capabilities. Velmenni's Li-Fi is expected to enhance data transmission, security, and performance for the Indian Navy, providing high-speed connections in areas where radio frequency communication is impractical. The iDEX program aligns with key government initiatives like Make in India, Startup India, and the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), fostering innovation within India’s defence sector.

Amid escalating tensions in the Indo-Pacific region, the United States has announced the withdrawal of its Mid-Range Capability (MRC) missile system from the northern Philippines by September. This decision follows objections from China over the presence of the Typhon missile system, capable of launching SM-6 and Tomahawk missiles. The deployment, aimed at enhancing US strategic capabilities in response to perceived threats, particularly from China, has sparked concerns about regional stability and security. The move underscores broader geopolitical dynamics, including the US withdrawal from the INF Treaty and China's expanding military influence in the region.

Meta has introduced a groundbreaking AI text-to-3D generator that allows users to transform textual descriptions into detailed and realistic 3D models. This advanced tool, powered by sophisticated machine learning algorithms, simplifies the process of 3D content creation, making it accessible to individuals without specialized skills. By analyzing and understanding textual input, the AI constructs accurate 3D representations, offering significant potential to revolutionize industries such as gaming, virtual reality, education, and e-commerce. This initiative is part of Meta's broader effort to integrate AI into creative processes, empowering creators and developers with more intuitive tools and opening new avenues for innovation and creativity.

Researchers, led by Professor Umesh V. Waghmare from JNCASR, Bengaluru, have delved into the mechanisms governing the flexibility of Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Their study, published in Physical Review B, introduces a novel theoretical measure to quantify the intrinsic mechanical flexibility of crystals. This breakthrough could revolutionize materials science by enabling the efficient screening of materials databases for next-generation flexible materials. The interdisciplinary collaboration highlights the fusion of theoretical insights with practical applications, promising significant advancements in various industrial sectors.

India has achieved a significant milestone in defense technology with the successful test-fire of Rudram-1, its first indigenous anti-radiation missile developed by DRDO for the Indian Air Force (IAF). This missile, integrated with Sukhoi-30MKI fighter jets, features advanced INS-GPS navigation and a Passive Homing Head, enhancing its precision in targeting radiation-emitting enemy assets. Rudram-1's operational flexibility and range bolster India's strategic capabilities, particularly in Suppression of Enemy Air Defense (SEAD) operations.

Researchers at the Garvan Institute have discovered potential cancer drivers within the often-dismissed non-coding regions of DNA. Previously considered as 'junk DNA', these regions may hold key mutations influencing the onset and progression of various cancers. The study, published in Nucleic Acids Research, highlights mutations in CTCF protein binding sites as pivotal in altering genome organization, impacting cancer development across at least 12 different types. This breakthrough opens avenues for novel diagnostic methods and treatments that could potentially address multiple cancer types simultaneously.

Scientists from the Swedish Museum of Natural History and collaborators have identified a new species of nightjar, named Caprimulgus ritae or the Timor nightjar, in the tropical forests of Timor and Wetar. Nightjars, medium-sized nocturnal insectivorous birds, are globally widespread except in Antarctica and certain islands. This new species, distinct from its relatives by at least 13 vocal characteristics, inhabits various types of tropical forests, primarily below 1,000 meters. Caprimulgus ritae is the fourth bird species endemic to both Timor and Wetar, with its distribution mirroring that of other local species. The recent colonization between Timor and Wetar is suggested by the lack of divergence in their cyt b sequences.

The Indian Army has launched the 13th edition of Exercise MAITREE alongside the Royal Thailand Army, scheduled from 1st to 15th July 2024 at Fort Vachiraprakan in Tak Province, Thailand. This joint military exercise aims to bolster military cooperation between India and Thailand, focusing on enhancing capabilities for Joint Counter Insurgency/Terrorist Operations in both jungle and urban environments. The exercise involves tactical drills such as creating Joint Operation and Intelligence Centers, deploying drones, and conducting various operations to foster interoperability and camaraderie between the participating contingents.

Researchers in France, in collaboration with Denmark’s Aarhus University and the Polytechnic University of Madrid, have uncovered a pivotal role for zinc in the health and productivity of legume crops. Published in Nature, their study reveals that zinc supports nitrogen fixation, a vital process for plant growth. This discovery not only enhances our understanding of plant biology but also offers promising avenues for improving crop resilience and yield in the face of climate change.

In a significant archaeological breakthrough, researchers have identified the first case of Down syndrome in a Neanderthal child named "Tina," discovered at Cova Negra in Valencia, Spain. Led by teams from the University of Alcalá and the University of Valencia, Spain, the study utilized advanced micro-computed tomography scans to examine Tina's remains, revealing congenital inner ear pathology associated with Down syndrome. This discovery challenges previous views of Neanderthals as lacking in empathy and social complexity, showcasing evidence of altruistic behavior within their communities. Published in Science Advances, the study underscores the compassionate and cooperative nature of Neanderthal societies, shedding new light on human evolution and social dynamics.

Nearly three years after launching its space tourism flights, Blue Origin, led by Jeff Bezos, has teamed up with the Space Exploration and Research Agency (SERA) to allow common Indian citizens to experience space travel. Selected astronauts will journey aboard Blue Origin's New Shepard spacecraft, a suborbital vehicle designed for both scientific research and space tourism. The spacecraft, named after the first American in space, Alan Shepard, offers a unique experience with its reusable booster and pressurized crew capsule that accommodates six passengers.