A recent study has highlighted that forests in Central India's Khandwa and North Betul divisions are at significant risk of forest fires, driven by both human activities and natural factors. Conducted by Vibha Sahu of the Indian Institute of Forest Management, the research analyzed 22 years of fire patterns using satellite data. The findings reveal that nearly half of the forested areas in these divisions fall into high or very high fire risk zones. The study underscores the need for targeted fire management strategies to protect these vulnerable regions and the communities that depend on them.

A recent study reveals that climate change poses a severe threat to the Malabar Tree Toad (MTT), potentially reducing its distribution range in India's protected areas by up to 68.7% between 2061 and 2080 under high emissions scenarios. The study, published in Nature, indicates that under low emissions scenarios, the toad's range could increase significantly. Native to the Western Ghats and unique for its arboreal lifestyle, the MTT faces increasing risks due to habitat loss and changing climate conditions. The study highlights the need for enhanced conservation measures and has prompted a proposal to designate the MTT as the state amphibian of Karnataka.

Fifty-seven casual employees at the Namdapha National Park and Tiger Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh have been reinstated, effective August 14, following their termination three-and-a-half months ago. Their re-engagement, under the Central Sector Scheme of “Project Tiger,” will last until March 31, 2025. This decision includes 22 women and 7 ex-servicemen, and is in line with the National Tiger Conservation Authority’s annual operation plan for the 2024-25 financial year. The employees were originally terminated due to fund constraints. The reinstatement aims to support conservation efforts in the park, which faces challenges such as poaching from across the Myanmar border.

The National Green Tribunal's southern bench has nullified the environmental clearance granted to Divis Laboratories Limited for its expansion in the Krishnapatnam Industrial Area, Nellore. The decision follows an appeal by Sri Mahalakshmi Hatcheries, which raised concerns about the potential harm to nearby shrimp farms and aquatic life due to the pharmaceutical company's discharge of treated effluents. The tribunal has directed a re-evaluation of the clearance, emphasizing the need for a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) system for effluent treatment.

On the eve of Independence Day 2024, Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Shri Bhupender Yadav, announced that India has increased its Ramsar sites from 82 to 85. The new additions include Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary and Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary in Tamil Nadu, and Tawa Reservoir in Madhya Pradesh. This expansion reflects Prime Minister Narendra Modi's commitment to environmental harmony and conservation. The total area of Ramsar sites in India now covers approximately 1,358,067.757 hectares. These designations emphasize the significant policy push for wetlands conservation, marking a notable achievement in India's environmental efforts.

A groundbreaking discovery in Sikkim's Fambonglho Wildlife Sanctuary has revealed a new orchid species, Gastrodia indica, notable for its flowers that never open. Unearthed by botanist Madhusudan Khanal of the G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment—Sikkim Regional Centre, this orchid is self-pollinating and holomycotrophic, relying entirely on fungi for sustenance. This discovery adds a unique dimension to India's botanical diversity, marking the first cleistogamous species of the Gastrodia genus in the country. Despite its ecological importance, Gastrodia indica faces threats due to its limited population and sensitivity to habitat disturbances.

A team of researchers has identified several medicinal plants on Brahmayoni Hill in Gaya, Bihar, including Gymnema sylvestre (Gurmar), known for its anti-diabetic properties. Gurmar, utilized by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in the anti-diabetic drug BGR-34, contains gymnemic acid that lowers blood sugar by blocking sugar absorption in the intestine. It also features flavonoids and saponins, which aid in antioxidant protection and cholesterol reduction. The plant, a traditional remedy for centuries, was validated in a 2022 study by AIIMS, Delhi, for its effectiveness in managing obesity and blood sugar levels. Researchers recommend further studies on Gurmar and advocate for local cultivation to preserve this valuable resource for future use.

On Independence Day, Chandaka Wildlife Sanctuary will see the release of a sambar and a barking deer as part of a prey augmentation project. The animals, which have been in quarantine for about one and a half months, are being introduced to boost the sanctuary’s biodiversity. The release, timed to coincide with Independence Day, symbolizes a new beginning for these animals. The sanctuary, spanning 193 sq km, offers various tourist attractions where visitors can witness wildlife in their natural habitat. Previous releases have included 300 deer, and plans are underway to reintroduce 10 gaurs with the Centre's support.

On August 10, the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) discovered a significant mephedrone production facility in Nagpur's Paachpavli area. The operation, conducted based on intelligence from the Mumbai Zonal Unit, led to the seizure of 51.95 kg of liquid mephedrone valued at approximately ₹78 crore. Along with the mephedrone, raw materials and production equipment were confiscated. Four individuals involved in the illegal operation have been arrested and charged under the NDPS Act, 1985. The laboratory was equipped for the large-scale production of mephedrone, with more than 50 kg of the drug already prepared in liquid form. The operation, which saw assistance from Nagpur police, underscores the DRI's effectiveness in tackling complex drug trafficking operations.

India’s diverse marine ecosystems are crucial to its environmental health and economic stability but are threatened by invasive species introduced through ballast water from ships. To address this issue, India is reinforcing its legal framework and enforcement measures by adhering to the International Maritime Organization's Ballast Water Management (BWM) Convention guidelines. The country is aligning its national laws with international standards, collaborating with shipping companies and environmental organizations to ensure compliance. These efforts aim to protect marine biodiversity, safeguard fisheries, and preserve the livelihoods of coastal communities, supporting sustainable development in the maritime sector.

Researchers have developed a groundbreaking porous composite xerogel dressing embedded with silica nanoparticles and calcium, designed to rapidly promote blood clotting and manage uncontrolled hemorrhage. This innovative dressing significantly outperforms commercial alternatives, showing a 13-fold improvement in clotting index. With its high absorbance capacity due to multiple pores of around 30 µm, the xerogel dressing enhances platelet aggregation and calcium release, which are critical for effective clot formation. The study, published in the Journal of Applied Polymer Science, highlights the dressing's potential to reduce blood loss, disability, and mortality in surgical and trauma care settings.

Many young dancers who achieve early fame struggle to maintain their careers into adulthood. Factors such as the high physical demands of dance, shifting personal interests, and a saturated market contribute to their transition from stardom to anonymity. While their journey begins with notable success through competitions and television shows, the long-term sustainability of their careers is uncertain. The challenges of physical injuries, identity crises, and financial instability often lead these former child stars into a life away from the spotlight, making it a complex path fraught with obstacles.

Scientists from Mizoram University and the Max Planck Institute have identified a new snake species, Smithophis mizoramensis, in Mizoram, India. Known locally as "Tuithiangrul" or "Mizo Brook Snake," this discovery brings the total number of Smithophis species to five. Led by Prof. HT Lalremsanga, the research team studied the snake for 15 years, revealing a 10-14% DNA difference from its closest relatives. The species is notable for its unique colorations and scale patterns and inhabits both lowland and highland areas of Mizoram, particularly near rivers.

In the Indian Ocean, three significant underwater structures have been identified and named Ashoka, Chandragupt, and Kalpataru. These names pay tribute to key figures and concepts in Indian history and culture. Ashoka, named after the renowned Maurya Emperor, reflects a legacy of peace and welfare. Chandragupt honors the strategic and military prowess of Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Maurya Dynasty. Kalpataru, derived from a mythical wishing tree, symbolizes abundance and prosperity. These names highlight India’s historical and cultural significance, symbolizing the nation’s rich and diverse heritage.

The Omkareshwar Floating Solar Project, with a capacity of 90 MW, has been officially commissioned in Madhya Pradesh, making it the largest floating solar project in central and north India. Announced by State Renewable Energy Minister Rakesh Shukla, this Rs 646 crore project was launched on August 8, 2024. Developed by SJVN Green Energy Limited (SGEL), it enhances SJVN’s total installed capacity to 2466.50 MW. The project is expected to generate 196.5 million units of electricity in its first year and 4,629.3 million units over 25 years. It will significantly reduce carbon emissions by 2.3 lakh tonnes and aid in water conservation by minimizing evaporation. The project operates on a Build Own and Operate basis with a tariff rate of Rs 3.26 per unit and aligns with the central government’s net zero carbon emissions goal by 2070.

Hindenburg Research's latest report alleges that Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) chief Madhabi Buch did not act on the firm's 2023 claims against the Adani Group due to her personal investments in offshore firms linked to the conglomerate. The report, citing whistleblower documents, suggests that both Buch and her husband have had investments in offshore funds since 2015, which may have influenced SEBI’s actions. This follows Hindenburg's January 2023 report that resulted in significant financial losses for Adani.

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has introduced the Polar Coupled Analysis and Prediction for Services (PCAPS) project, set to run from 2024 to 2028. This initiative aims to improve weather, water, ice, and climate information in the Arctic and Antarctic regions by developing advanced observation systems and Earth system models. The project addresses the accelerated temperature rise in the polar regions and its impacts on Indigenous populations and local communities. PCAPS builds on previous efforts like the Polar Prediction Project (PPP) and will integrate scientific and societal research to enhance forecasting and decision-making. Led by Dina Abdel-Fattah, Jørn Kristiansen, and Daniela Liggett, the project seeks to advance climate services and foster international collaboration, contributing to the fifth International Polar Year (IPY) in 2032-2033.

The Neelakurinji, a unique flowering plant native to the Western Ghats, has been officially designated as a 'threatened species.' Known for its once-in-a-12-year blooming cycle, the plant faces risks from habitat loss, climate change, and invasive species. Conservation efforts are being ramped up, including the creation of protected areas and ongoing research to ensure its survival.

A new species of flowering plant has been discovered near Vishalgad Fort, an area renowned for its historical significance. The newly identified plant has been named in honor of Shivaji Maharaj, the esteemed Maratha king. This discovery not only highlights the rich biodiversity of the region but also pays tribute to Shivaji Maharaj’s enduring legacy and contributions to the history and culture of the area.

Researchers have identified a new species of ground-dwelling spider in the Western Ghats, a renowned biodiversity hotspot in India. This discovery enriches the known spider diversity in the region and underscores the ecological importance of the Western Ghats. The new species features distinct physical characteristics and behavioral traits, offering fresh insights into the area's ecosystem. The finding highlights the need for ongoing research and conservation efforts to protect the rich wildlife of the Western Ghats.

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has requested explanations from the Delhi Development Authority (DDA), National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), and several other agencies regarding ongoing construction activities on the Yamuna floodplain. This action follows media reports exposing construction at Sur Ghat and near the Signature Bridge. The tribunal, which had previously barred construction on these floodplains, has granted these agencies time to submit their responses, with a follow-up hearing scheduled for August 23.

A team from the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute (HMI), led by Gp Capt. Jai Kishan, achieved a historic feat by scaling Mt Kilimanjaro, the highest peak in Africa, on Thursday. The expedition, named “K2K,” included Uday Kumar, a physically challenged climber, and four other members. They began their journey on August 4, reached Kibo Hut on August 7, and completed the final ascent to Uhuru Peak, standing at 19,341 feet, on August 8. The team displayed an Indian national flag at Kibo Hut and the Tricolor at the summit. Kumar, an amputee, was praised for his determination. This achievement follows Kumar's successful climb of Mt Rhenock in March. HMI, established in 1954 under the defence ministry, is renowned globally for its mountaineering excellence.

On Saturday, protests erupted in multiple state-run medical colleges and hospitals across West Bengal in response to the alleged rape and murder of a junior woman doctor at R G Kar Medical College and Hospital in Kolkata. Junior doctors, along with other hospital staff, initiated a ‘cease work’ protest demanding justice, enhanced safety, and improved infrastructure. At R G Kar, demonstrators staged a sit-in at the main gate, voicing concerns over inadequate security measures and the lack of functional CCTVs. Protesters have called for a judicial investigation, swift legal action against the culprit, and better safety protocols within the hospitals.

The Cabinet has approved the Clean Plant Programme, a significant initiative under the Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH). The programme aims to improve the quality and productivity of horticultural plants by providing clean and disease-free planting materials. It includes a certification process to ensure plant health, supports research and development for better cleaning techniques, and offers training for farmers and stakeholders. The programme is expected to enhance crop yields, boost export potential, and promote sustainable horticultural practices.

A recent case study reveals the increasing threat of drug-resistant fungal infections, focusing on jock itch (tinea cruris). Traditionally managed with topical antifungal treatments, some cases are now showing resistance, complicating treatment and prolonging infection. The study describes a patient with a persistent, drug-resistant strain that required a combination of antifungal medications to manage. This situation highlights the urgent need for ongoing research into alternative treatments and effective resistance monitoring to address this emerging health concern.

A team of Kashmiri entomologists, led by Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo, has discovered a new species of hoverfly, named Spilomyia Recta, in the high-altitude alpine forests of Kashmir. The hoverfly, which mimics the appearance of a wasp, was identified during a biodiversity survey in the Rafiabad forests. The discovery, published in the Journal of Asia Pacific Entomology, underscores the rich insect biodiversity of the region and highlights the importance of local scientific expertise. The research team, including Amir Maqbool and Suhaib Firdous Yatoo, faced challenges in capturing male specimens, ultimately confirming the species as new to science. This discovery has implications for nutrient recycling and pollination in the region's unique ecosystems and serves as an inspiration for future generations of Kashmiri scientists.

The District Level Committee in Keonjhar district, Odisha, has approved habitat rights for the Juanga tribe, recognizing their traditional land and ancestral habitats. This landmark decision is expected to enhance the living conditions and cultural preservation of the Juanga community. The approval aligns with national policies aimed at safeguarding indigenous rights and will lead to the formalization of land rights and support for community development initiatives.

A 45-year-old man named Shiv Bhagwan from Singha Kalan village was tragically killed by a herd of elephants while collecting wild mushrooms in Uttar Pradesh's Dudhwa Tiger Reserve. His body was found after a search operation, highlighting the dangers locals face when entering forest areas. The incident underscores challenges in forest management, including limited staff to secure vast forest areas and growing human-wildlife conflicts. In related news, delays in Forest Rights Act claims and a daring rescue of a tribal family in Wayanad spotlight ongoing forest administration issues, while the Forest Minister promised the completion of a private forests report by December.

The Chhattisgarh government has announced plans to create its fourth tiger reserve, aimed at strengthening wildlife conservation efforts and protecting tiger habitats. This new reserve will contribute to the preservation of biodiversity and promote eco-tourism, potentially offering economic benefits to local communities. The specific location and development timeline for the reserve are yet to be finalized.

The National Coastal Mission Scheme (NCM), under the National Coastal Management Program, aims to address various aspects of coastal management and conservation in India. Key components include the conservation of mangroves and coral reefs, research and development in marine and coastal ecosystems, sustainable beach development under the Beach Environment & Aesthetic Management Service (BEAMS), and capacity building for Coastal States/UTs, including beach cleaning initiatives.

The Union Government has confirmed that Bhoj Wetland in Bhopal, recognized as an international Ramsar site, is not at risk of being delisted from the Ramsar Convention list. Recent reports suggesting otherwise were addressed by Kirti Vardhan Singh, Union Minister of State in the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Concerns were raised by local environmentalists about a proposed road project through the wetland's catchment area. However, Singh assured that Bhoj Wetland remains protected under existing regulations. The Ministry has also enforced the Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017, to ensure wetland conservation and has released substantial funding through the National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems (NPCA) for Bhoj Wetland’s preservation.

Mizoram Governor Hari Babu Kambhampati addressed critical wildlife conservation challenges during an event at Mizoram University to observe International Clouded Leopard Day, which was celebrated a day later this year due to August 4 falling on a Sunday. The governor praised the clouded leopard as a symbol of conservation efforts and highlighted Mizoram's significant progress in protecting wildlife. He emphasized the need for continued enhancement of protected areas, investment in research, and community involvement. Kambhampati also recognized the essential contributions of forest guards, researchers, and local communities in wildlife conservation.

Former Chief Minister of Bengal and veteran communist leader, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, passed away at the age of 80 at his residence in Ballygunge, Kolkata. He is survived by his wife Mira and daughter Suchetana. The news was confirmed by CPI(M) state secretary Mohammed Salim. Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee expressed her sorrow over his sudden demise. Bhattacharjee had been battling age-related health issues and had stepped away from public life in recent years. He served as the Chief Minister from 2000 to 2011, and his tenure was marked by significant political events, including demonstrations over land acquisition.

In its most recent monetary policy meeting, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) decided to keep the repo rate unchanged at 6.5%. This decision is part of the RBI’s approach to managing inflation while fostering economic growth. The move reflects the central bank’s response to global economic uncertainties and domestic inflationary pressures. By maintaining the rate, the RBI aims to stabilize borrowing costs for businesses and consumers, supporting economic activity. Investors, businesses, and policymakers will continue to monitor the RBI’s policy signals for any future adjustments based on evolving economic conditions.

On Monday, the State Disaster Relief Force (SDRF) successfully rescued over 40 individuals and their cattle from the flooded Sone River near Lohargada and Merauni villages in Jharkhand's Garhwa district. The flood was caused by the release of water from the Rihand Dam in Uttar Pradesh, leading to a sudden rise in the river's water level. Despite clear skies and no local rainfall in Jharkhand, the increased water flow trapped villagers from Garhwa and Rohtas districts. The SDRF, along with local administrations, carried out a swift rescue operation, evacuating those trapped on a dune area. A high alert has been issued for the affected areas, urging residents to stay clear of the river.

The Central Empowered Committee (CEC), appointed by the Supreme Court, has identified severe harm to wildlife in the Sariska Tiger Reserve (STR) in Rajasthan due to unchecked tourism and traffic. The CEC's report, dated July 22, highlights the negative impact of heavy vehicular traffic on tiger breeding and recommends a ban on private vehicles traveling to the Pandupol Hanuman temple within the reserve's core area. The committee also suggests deploying a special tiger force, addressing staff shortages, and exploring alternative transportation options such as ropeways or electric tramways. Additionally, the report raises concerns about the pollution and forest fire hazards caused by temple activities and unauthorized construction in the buffer area. The Supreme Court has called for further collaboration between the panel and CEC to find a sustainable solution for preserving the reserve's ecosystem.

A recent report by the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) calls for increased investment in nutritious food value chains, particularly targeting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in emerging markets. The report argues that such investments can reduce gender inequalities, boost productivity, and enhance business resilience. It highlights that women constitute a significant portion of the agri-food workforce globally, with even higher participation in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Despite their involvement, women face numerous barriers, including limited access to resources and discriminatory practices. The report underscores that addressing these issues through targeted investments can improve food security, economic empowerment, and climate resilience. It also introduces the updated 2X Criteria framework for gender-lens investments, emphasizing the importance of including women in leadership and entrepreneurial roles within the agri-food sector.

In a small village along the Akhanda Godavari river, residents are grieving the sudden loss of a majestic tree that stood for over a century. This tree was a vital part of the community, providing shade, shelter, and a gathering place for generations. Its fall has left a significant void, with villagers paying their respects by laying flowers and lighting candles at its former site. Local leaders are exploring ways to honor the tree’s memory, including the possibility of planting a new sapling. The loss of this tree serves as a poignant reminder of the deep connections between people and nature, shaping the village’s identity and history.

India has made a significant breakthrough with the discovery of its first indigenous cultures of natural methane mitigating agents, primarily Methylocucumis oryzae. Isolated from rice fields and wetlands in Western India by Dr. Monali Rahalkar and her team, this novel methanotroph is crucial in combating climate change. Methane, a potent greenhouse gas, is mitigated by these bacteria through oxidation, converting it into CO₂ and H₂O. Methylocucumis oryzae is unique for its oval, cucumber-like shape and mesophilic nature, unable to grow above 37ºC. The bacterium has also been shown to enhance rice plant growth. Recent findings indicate its presence in a stone quarry in Pune, showcasing its role in active methane cycles. This discovery highlights the importance of further research and potential applications in climate mitigation.

On July 31, 2024, in Maputo, the FAO and AICS signed two agreements to support projects aimed at protecting the Miombo forest and enhancing trade between Mozambique and Zimbabwe. With funding exceeding $8 million from Italy under the Mattei Plan for Africa, these initiatives focus on sustainable development by improving food security, livelihoods, and resilience. The first project, Integrated Transboundary Sustainable Management of Miombo Forests, seeks to conserve and sustainably use the Miombo forest, directly benefiting 5,000 families. The second project, Zim-Moza Agriculture Value Chain & Trade Development Project (Zim-Moza ATDP), aims to boost agricultural trade and market access, enhancing the economic prospects for smallholder farmers. These projects are crucial for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and addressing regional environmental and economic challenges.

Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's administration recently faced a significant challenge due to widespread student protests demanding road safety reforms and justice for traffic accident victims. The crisis was exacerbated by the notable absence of key advisers, leading to criticism of the government's disjointed response. Political analysts suggest that this lack of seasoned advice contributed to a heavy-handed approach that further inflamed the situation. The protests have not only highlighted immediate issues but also exposed vulnerabilities in the leadership structure, underscoring the crucial role of a cohesive advisory team during times of crisis. The incident prompts calls for introspection and potential reform within the government.

Scientists from India and the United Kingdom have identified six new species of bent-toed geckos in Northeast India. The discoveries, made by researchers from the Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and Environment (ATREE), and the Natural History Museum London (NHM), span across Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, and Mizoram. These geckos were found in various habitats including tiger reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, and semi-evergreen forests. This significant find underscores the region's hidden biodiversity and highlights the importance of exploring less-studied areas for conservation and scientific research.

The significant power project in Andhra Pradesh, while a milestone for regional development, has left the tribes who built it facing harsh realities. These communities, crucial to the project's completion, still suffer from inadequate access to electricity, healthcare, and education. The disparity between the project's benefits and the tribes' living conditions highlights a broader issue of development inequity. Despite ongoing advocacy for improved living standards, progress has been slow, underscoring the need for a more equitable approach to ensure that development benefits all stakeholders involved.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, a unique volcano in Tanzania, has been exhibiting unusual behavior for the past decade. While continuously erupting carbonatite lava, the volcano has also been sinking into the ground at a rate of 1.4 inches per year. Recent research, published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, reveals that the volcano has shrunk by approximately 1.2 feet (36 cm) over the study period from 2013 to 2023. This sinking is attributed to a deflating magma reservoir located beneath the volcano. Data from Sentinel-1 and Cosmo-SkyMed satellites provided detailed maps showing ground displacement around the northern crater. Ol Doinyo Lengai is noted for its extremely runny carbonatite magma, making it one of the most unique volcanoes on Earth. Future research aims to further understand the characteristics of the shallow magma plumbing system and its connection to deeper magma storage areas.

Residents in low-lying areas of Rourkela are on edge as the Brahmani River rises due to persistent rainfall and surplus water inflow from the Koel River. Although the river’s water level has increased, it remains below the danger level, and local authorities are monitoring the situation closely. The Mandira Dam at Rourkela Steel Plant has been releasing significant amounts of water, contributing to the river's swelling. In contrast, the recent rains have benefited agriculture in Sundargarh district, where paddy transplanting has surged to 40-45% coverage. The district is also seeing positive progress in the cultivation of non-paddy crops, with 62% of these crops now harvested.

A tragic incident occurred at Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary in Assam, where a mahout was fatally injured by an elephant. The attack happened during an interaction when the elephant suddenly became agitated. Authorities are investigating the incident, with initial reports suggesting the elephant might have been startled or distressed. The sanctuary, known for its one-horned rhinoceroses, is reviewing its safety protocols to prevent future incidents and has expressed condolences to the deceased mahout’s family.

The Thadou Students' Association (TSA) has established Thadou Community International (TCI), a global platform to address critical issues facing the Thadou tribe, especially in Manipur. During an eight-hour virtual meeting, Thadou representatives from nine countries elected two convenors and 30 executive members. The TCI aims to combat human rights violations and foster global Thadou unity while maintaining their distinct identity. The TSA highlighted ongoing ethnic tensions and threats from Kuki supremacist groups, emphasizing the need for recognition and protection of the Thadou community's rights and cultural heritage.

Recent violence in Bangladesh has claimed the lives of at least 91 people, including 14 police officers, and left hundreds injured. The clashes erupted during a non-cooperation movement by students demanding the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. The violence, which has led to significant casualties and property damage, prompted the Assistant High Commission of India in Sylhet to issue a travel advisory and establish a helpline for Indian nationals. In response, the Bangladeshi government has imposed an indefinite curfew, suspended mobile internet services, and blocked social media platforms. UNICEF has reported the death of at least 32 children during the protests. Calls for political dialogue have been made by former military generals and Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus, but the unrest continues as demonstrators press for the Prime Minister's resignation.

India's Third National Communication to the UNFCCC, submitted in December 2023, highlights the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme climate events such as cyclonic storms, droughts, floods, and heat waves across the country. The India Meteorological Department's analysis using the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) shows severe drought conditions in several regions in 2021 and a rise in major floods from 8 states in 2017 to 15 states in 2021.

The four-ringed butterfly, Ypthima hubneri, has resurfaced in India after a century of absence, with its recent sighting in the Nilgiri Hills by researchers from the Butterfly Research Centre. This rediscovery underscores the rich biodiversity of the region and highlights the importance of habitat conservation. Future research will focus on assessing the butterfly's population, understanding its habitat requirements, and developing conservation strategies to ensure its survival.

Heavy rains have caused the Beas river to overflow in Himachal Pradesh, leading to significant damage and disruption across the state. An orange alert has been issued by the IMD until August 2, with forecasts of continued heavy rainfall. A cloudburst in Shimla's Rampur division has resulted in one death and over 30 people missing. Infrastructure damage includes road closures and disruptions to a hydro power project. Rescue operations are underway involving NDRF, ITBP, and state police. A yellow alert is set for isolated heavy rain from Friday, with warnings of landslides and flash floods. Current rain-related losses have reached ₹425 crore, with extensive damage to roads and power supply systems reported.

Recent reports have unveiled a disturbing increase in tiger deaths within Madhya Pradesh's Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve and surrounding areas. Commissioned by Principal Conservator of Forests Shubh Ranjan Sen, the report highlights significant procedural lapses and negligence in handling tiger cases. The investigation, led by a special committee, identified major causes of tiger deaths, including electrocution, poisoning, and road accidents, and revealed serious failures in documentation and postmortem procedures. Despite a rise in the tiger population, habitat loss due to developmental activities is escalating human-tiger conflicts and poaching incidents, further contributing to the rising mortality rates.

Japan has recently expanded its commercial whaling operations to include fin whales, the second-largest species on Earth. This decision, which adds fin whales to Japan's existing catch list of minke, Bryde's, and sei whales, has sparked criticism from Australia's government and raised concerns among animal rights activists. Japan plans to hunt 59 fin whales this year, citing sufficient resources as the rationale behind the move. Fin whales are classified as "vulnerable" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The expansion follows Japan's exit from the International Whaling Commission (IWC) in 2019 and its subsequent resumption of commercial whaling within its territorial waters. Additionally, anti-whaling activist Paul Watson was recently arrested in Greenland under an international warrant issued by Japan, amid ongoing tensions surrounding whaling practices.

Heavy rains in Bengal have caused significant water logging at Andal Airport, resulting in the suspension of all flight operations to ensure safety. The continuous downpour has rendered runways and taxiways unsafe for aircraft, leading to disruptions for passengers, staff, and airlines. Authorities are working to drain the excess water and resume normal operations as soon as possible. Travelers are advised to stay informed through their airlines and anticipate possible delays, as forecasts predict continued heavy rains. The safety and security of passengers are being prioritized, with airport authorities coordinating with local disaster management teams to manage the situation. Further updates will be provided as the situation evolves.

Himachal Pradesh is reeling from severe impacts caused by the monsoon season, including multiple cloudbursts and flash floods. These weather events have resulted in the deaths of four individuals, with 49 others still missing. The heavy rainfall has led to extensive damage to infrastructure, such as roads and bridges, complicating rescue and relief operations. The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and local emergency teams are actively working to locate the missing and provide aid. The state government has issued advisories urging residents to remain vigilant and adhere to safety guidelines. Efforts are focused on recovery and addressing the immediate needs of those affected by the disaster.

Scientists have identified a new species of loach, Schistura sonarengaensis, in the South Garo Hills district of Meghalaya, near the Bangladesh border. This freshwater fish was found in the Sonarenga, Nakama, and Chiabol caves. The discovery, funded by the ICAR – National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources and led by Dr. Khlur Mukhim of Lady Keane College, was detailed in a research paper published by Wiley-Blackwell. The new species is noted for its prominent eyes and distinct black blotches on a pale body, differentiating it from other regional loaches. Unlike typical cave-dwelling species, it retains its eyesight and exhibits reduced pigmentation.

In the Union Budget 2024, the government has unveiled a new policy aimed at advancing pumped storage technology. This policy is focused on enhancing energy storage capabilities, improving grid stability, and facilitating the integration of renewable energy sources. Key aspects of the policy include increased funding and incentives for pumped storage projects, the establishment of a regulatory framework, and the overall goal of bolstering energy security and reducing carbon emissions. The initiative is expected to support economic growth and job creation in the energy sector.

The shipment of Tur/Pigeon peas from Nacala Port in Mozambique, previously disrupted by an anti-India group, has resumed. This follows intervention by India's Ministry of Consumer Affairs and the Indian High Commissioner to Mozambique. So far, 1,400 containers carrying 35,000 tons of peas have been shipped to India, with 400 more containers expected by mid-August. India, despite being the largest producer of pulses, relies on imports to meet domestic demand, with Mozambique as a key supplier. Import statistics show a drop in the previous year due to trade hurdles in Mozambique. Deepak Pareek of the Global Grains and Pulses Council has appealed to Prime Minister Narendra Modi for intervention, citing obstructions and ransom demands at Nacala Port. Mozambique has an MoU with India to supply 2 lakh tons of peas annually until 2025-26. India's pulses imports nearly doubled in 2023-24, reaching a record 47.38 lakh tons.

In a groundbreaking discovery, researchers from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) have uncovered a vampire star in the star cluster M67, offering rare insights into the rejuvenation process of these stars through material transfer from a companion. The star, known as a blue straggler star (BSS), exhibited chemical imprints of recently consumed barium-rich material from its binary companion, detected using the UltraViolet Imaging Telescope on AstroSat. This discovery confirms that the vampire star acquired polluted matter from its companion, leaving behind a remnant white dwarf. The findings provide valuable information on binary star evolution and pose a mystery regarding the rarity of such chemically polluted systems.

The sloth bear, native to the Indian subcontinent, is known for its aggressive behavior towards humans, attributed to its evolution alongside predators such as Bengal tigers. A recent study by three scientists has proposed strategies for preventing deadly encounters between sloth bears and humans, emphasizing the need to understand the bear's behavior during tiger encounters. The study also sheds light on the bear's myrmecophagous nature, defensive strategies when encountering tigers, and recommendations for human interaction in sloth bear habitats. Moreover, the study highlights the bear's instinctive behavior, termed "overestimating risk," as a crucial survival mechanism.

A new report by the World-Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) reveals that poaching and trafficking pose significant threats to the survival of four sturgeon species in the Lower Danube River Basin, one of their last refuges in southeastern Europe. Between 2016 and 2023, 395 cases of illegal sturgeon fishing and trade were documented in Bulgaria, Romania, and Ukraine, affecting 1,031 sturgeon individuals. The report highlights the use of banned fishing methods and the severe impact on species such as the Critically Endangered stellate sturgeon and Russian sturgeon. Conservation efforts are urgently needed in the region to address these illegal activities and protect the remaining sturgeon populations.

The Assam government is set to host a major Jhumur dance performance on November 20, 2024, featuring 8,000 tea tribe artists from 800 tea gardens. This event aims to spotlight the tea tribe community and build on the success of last year's record-setting Bihu performance. Chief Minister Sarma announced that the performance will be held at the same stadium and that a special song for the event has already been recorded and will be released soon. The planning has involved detailed discussions with district commissioners to ensure a smooth execution and address any issues from previous events.

The Odisha state government has assured that there is no risk of flooding in the Mahanadi river system, despite recent water releases from the Hirakud Dam. The dam's authorities released the season's first floodwater through 20 gates, which is expected to pass through the Mundali barrage in Cuttack district without causing flooding. Bhakta Ranjan Mohanty, Engineer-in-Chief of Water Resources, confirmed that the water flow will remain within safe limits. The government remains on alert, with a nodal officer stationed in Cuttack to monitor the situation. Additionally, the Jalaka river in Balasore district has seen an increase in water levels due to heavy rainfall but remains below danger levels. District collectors are prepared with emergency shelters and response teams as the IMD forecasts heavy rainfall in several districts.

The Union environment ministry has approved Cairn India's request for exploratory oil and gas drilling on 4.4998 hectares of reserved forest land in Assam's Hoollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary, raising concerns about the endangered hoolock gibbon. Despite the forest advisory committee (FAC) deferring its decision, the project has backing from both state and regional environmental authorities. Experts warn that habitat fragmentation could severely impact the canopy-dwelling gibbons. The FAC has recommended obtaining further conservation-related comments and implementing a wildlife management plan. The project approval comes with stringent conditions, including compliance with safety recommendations and obtaining National Board of Wildlife consent. Past incidents, such as the 2020 Baghjan oilfield blow-out, underscore the ecological risks involved. Additionally, Cairn India has proposed further projects in the Dihing Patkai Elephant Reserve, with FAC granting conditional "in principle" approval.

On July 27, a tragic explosion on a playing field in Majdal Shams, a town in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, claimed the lives of 12 Druze children and young people. Israel has accused the Lebanon-based Hezbollah militant group of executing the attack using an Iranian-made rocket, though Hezbollah denies involvement. This incident is the deadliest along Israel's border with Lebanon since October's escalation of hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah. The attack has provoked widespread outrage and concern globally. Hezbollah, a powerful Shia militant group supported by Iran, remains a significant player in the region's complex geopolitical landscape, and its actions have further strained relations between Israel and its neighbors.

The Achanakmar Tiger Reserve (ATR) in Chhattisgarh has experienced a significant rise in its tiger population, with the number increasing from five in the 2022 All India Tiger Estimation (AITE) census to ten as of April this year. The population now includes three males and seven females. Additionally, the recent summer survey confirmed the presence of a rare melanistic leopard (black panther), marking a notable achievement for the reserve. These developments reflect the success of ATR's conservation efforts and are expected to enhance forest productivity and eco-tourism. Ongoing initiatives include daily patrolling with GPS technology, camera trap monitoring, and the establishment of a GIS cell for data analysis. Under the guidance of Principal Chief Conservator of Forest (PCCF) Sudhir Kumar Agarwal, ATR is also focused on habitat development and community involvement, with plans for further improvements in tiger management and monitoring.

The Virarajendran Archaeological and Historical Research Centre has discovered a Vattezhuthu script and eight Tamil inscriptions at the 1,000-year-old Thalikiswarar temple in Kovilpalayam, Tirupur district. The inscriptions provide historical details about the temple’s construction by the Chera ruler Kokkandan Viranarayanan in the 9th century AD. The Vattezhuthu script, used from the 5th to the 12th century AD, was deciphered by Prof. Y. Subarayalu, shedding light on the temple’s significance and the medieval Chera and Kongu Chola rulers.

Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Shri Bhupender Yadav, launched the Ideas4LiFE initiative at IIT Delhi, urging students, scholars, and faculty to contribute innovative ideas for promoting environment-friendly lifestyles. The initiative, supported by UNICEF and various educational institutions, features an online portal for idea submissions, with rewards for the best contributions across seven themes of Mission LiFE. The event, attended by senior dignitaries and over 1000 participants, also saw the planting of a sapling under the ‘Plant4Mother’ movement.

Kashmir's renowned saffron crop is under severe threat from ongoing dry spells, resulting in reduced yields and quality. The region's iconic saffron fields are struggling with inadequate rainfall, leading to financial challenges for farmers and increased irrigation costs. Local authorities and farming communities are responding with initiatives to improve water management and provide financial support. The long-term outlook for Kashmir's saffron industry hinges on effective climate adaptation strategies to mitigate the impact on both local and global saffron markets.

Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah reaffirmed the state's readiness to discuss the Mekedatu project with Tamil Nadu, emphasizing that the project does not pose any problems for the neighboring state. The project, which awaits Central Government clearance, aims to construct a reservoir to store surplus water, generate power, and provide drinking water to Bengaluru. Despite opposition from Tamil Nadu, Siddaramaiah and Deputy Chief Minister D K Shivakumar highlighted the benefits of the project, including potential water supply to Tamil Nadu during dry years. The Karnataka government has initiated preliminary steps for the project, including land surveys and tree counting. The estimated cost of the project is ₹9,000 crore (2019 rates).

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) has announced a significant relaxation of export regulations for agarwood from India. This policy shift is expected to greatly benefit Indian farmers who rely on agarwood for their income. Previously stringent export restrictions had hindered farmers' ability to market their products effectively. The easing of these regulations is set to improve market access, reduce bureaucratic hurdles, and enhance profitability for those involved in agarwood cultivation. This change is welcomed by farmers and industry stakeholders as a positive step towards economic growth and a stronger position in the global market.

In a groundbreaking initiative, the Periyar Tiger Reserve has installed a wind turbine within its forest area to generate renewable energy. This innovative project aims to reduce reliance on non-renewable energy sources and support conservation efforts by providing a sustainable power source. The installation marks a significant step in integrating green technology into wildlife reserves, potentially setting a precedent for similar projects in other conservation areas.

The Supreme Court of India has annulled its 2017 directive mandating a valid Pollution Under Control (PUC) certificate for renewing third-party vehicle insurance. The decision, driven by an application from the General Insurance Council (GIC) and represented by Solicitor General Tushar Mehta, highlights the adverse effects of the directive on accident victims, as nearly 55% of vehicles lack insurance coverage. The court recognized the need to balance environmental regulations with ensuring vehicles remain insured. This revocation aims to mitigate issues arising from uninsured vehicles and ensure adequate protection for road accident victims.

On Sunday, authorities confirmed the identification of the bodies of a woman and her two children, which were recovered from Dal Lake in Srinagar. The deceased, residents of the Gool area in Ramban district, were found in the foreshore area of the lake on Saturday evening. Preliminary investigations suggest the possibility of suicide by drowning, although the final conclusion will depend on the ongoing probe.

A newly identified variant of mpox has emerged in displacement camps in Congo, significantly increasing the health risks for children residing in these overcrowded and unsanitary conditions. The outbreak underscores the urgent need for enhanced healthcare measures and preventive interventions to protect the vulnerable child population in these camps.

Japan has introduced a groundbreaking strategy to safeguard its vital seaweed forests by feeding waste cabbage to sea urchins, which are known to damage these ecosystems through overgrazing. This novel approach aims to mitigate the ecological impact on seaweed forests while simultaneously reducing food waste. By using discarded cabbage as a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to traditional sea urchin management methods, the initiative demonstrates a creative blend of environmental conservation and sustainability. Expected to provide valuable insights into marine ecosystem management, this project underscores Japan's commitment to innovative and eco-friendly practices.

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations released a report on July 22, 2024, revealing a slowdown in global deforestation rates but ongoing concerns due to climate change. The report, titled "The State of the World’s Forests," indicates that while deforestation rates have decreased, climate change continues to pose significant threats to forest ecosystems.

A recent study published in Nature Geoscience has uncovered a surprising phenomenon called “dark oxygen,” where oxygen is produced in the absence of light, nearly 4,000 meters below the ocean surface. This discovery challenges the traditional belief that photosynthesis is essential for oxygen production. Instead, the study reveals that metallic nodules on the ocean floor are responsible for splitting water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. The findings suggest a new perspective on the origins of aerobic life and have implications for deep-sea mining practices. Scientists are now questioning existing theories about the sources of Earth's oxygen and the conditions necessary for aerobic life.

The Badwater 135-mile ultramarathon in Death Valley, California, showcases a range of challenging and inspiring moments. Runners navigate the intense conditions of the race, including nighttime runs with headlamps, sunrises over California Route 190, and uphill starts. Key highlights include the long exposure images of runners and their support vehicles under the moonlight, and the proactive measures taken by participants like Chad Wolf, who is seen managing the heat. Notably, self-proclaimed "Death Valley cheerleaders" provide encouragement by spraying water on runners, while others, like Karla Kent, take moments to stretch during brief pauses. The event features runners such as Ivan Penalba Lopez from Spain, demonstrating the international nature of this grueling race.

The Sangameswara Shrine, a revered religious site dedicated to Lord Shiva in Andhra Pradesh, has submerged due to rising water levels in the Krishna River. This has significantly impacted local devotees and the economy dependent on tourism. In response, authorities and local organizations are implementing measures to prevent further submersion, create alternative worship sites, and document the shrine's historical features.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi honored Lokmanya Tilak on his birth anniversary, praising his pivotal role in India's independence movement. Modi highlighted Tilak's dedication to nationalism and education, calling him a visionary leader. He also shared his speech from the previous year’s Pune programme, where he received the Lokmanya Tilak National Award.

On Tuesday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi commemorated the birth anniversaries of Chandra Shekhar Azad and Bal Gangadhar Tilak, two pivotal figures in India's freedom struggle. Modi praised Azad for his fearless heroism and commitment to India's independence, highlighting his choice to end his life rather than surrender to British forces. He also honored Tilak as a visionary leader who mobilized the masses through cultural and political causes and emphasized the importance of education and service. Modi shared his tribute through social media and a speech at a ceremony where he received the Lokmanya Tilak National Award.

In the 2024 Budget, the Indian government has unveiled major corridor development projects for Bihar's Vishnupad and Mahabodhi temples. The Vishnupad Temple, a significant pilgrimage site dedicated to Lord Vishnu, will benefit from a new pathway, improved facilities, and enhanced security. Meanwhile, the Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, will see the creation of a corridor to improve visitor access and modernize amenities. These projects are expected to enhance the spiritual experience, boost tourism, and contribute to the preservation of these historic sites.

The Indian government has introduced the Electric Mobility Promotion Scheme (EMPS) for 2024, running from April to July with an allocated budget of Rs 493.55 crore. The scheme aims to advance green mobility and support the electric vehicle (EV) manufacturing sector. Under EMPS 2024, up to 3,72,215 electric vehicles will be eligible for support, including 3,33,387 electric two-wheelers, 13,590 e-rickshaws/e-carts, and 25,238 electric three-wheelers in the L5 category. The scheme is fund-limited and will be active until the funds are exhausted, the maximum number of vehicles is reached, or July 31, 2024, whichever comes first. Subsidies are available for e-2w and e-3w vehicles sold and registered within these constraints.

India is preparing to apply for exploration licenses from the UN-backed International Seabed Authority (ISA) to access deep-sea minerals in the Pacific Ocean. This initiative aims to secure vital minerals for energy transition technologies, such as those used in electric vehicles and solar panels. While the ISA has issued 31 exploration licenses, including two for India in the Indian Ocean, mining has not yet begun due to ongoing regulatory development. India plans to focus on the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, known for its polymetallic nodules, and expects to receive additional permits for the Indian Ocean this year. The exploration permits are valid for 15 years and are crucial for India’s strategy to meet its growing green energy needs.

The National Mission on Cultural Mapping (NMCM) has been launched by the government to document the cultural heritage of 6.5 lakh villages across India. This initiative aims to foster awareness about the connection between cultural heritage and development and to preserve rural cultural identities. The project includes the creation of National Registers of Artists and Art Practices and the development of a digital platform comprising a web portal and mobile app, referred to as the National Cultural Work Place (NCWP). In Bihar, out of 45,561 villages identified in the 2011 Census, 36,127 have been mapped, including 262 of 303 villages in Khagaria district. The project's database is available on the Mera Gaon Meri Dharohar Web Portal, facilitating access for government bodies to safeguard and promote cultural traditions and identities.

The European Union's proposed carbon tax, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, is under scrutiny in the latest Economic Survey. The report suggests that this tax could be viewed as a protectionist measure, potentially disadvantaging non-EU countries and altering global trade dynamics. While the tax is intended to address climate change, concerns are raised about its possible impact on international trade and its effectiveness as a trade barrier favoring EU industries.

The International Olympic Committee (IOC) determines the inclusion of sports in the Olympic Games based on criteria such as governance by an International Federation and global practice. While the creation of sports infrastructure is the responsibility of State Governments and Union Territories in India, the promotion of specific sports internationally falls to their respective international bodies. The Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports has recognized the Indian Kalarippayattu Federation to promote the traditional martial art within the country. This information was conveyed by Union Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, in a written reply in the Lok Sabha.

On Tuesday, rare photographs of the uncontacted Mashco Piro tribe from the Peruvian Amazon were published, depicting tribe members on riverbanks near logging concessions. The Mashco Piro live between natural reserves in Madre de Dios and have limited contact with other groups. Logging companies, including Canales Tahuamanu, have significantly impacted their territory, constructing roads for timber extraction. Survival International’s Caroline Pearce noted that these images reveal the tribe's proximity to logging operations and their attempts to flee. Recent observations by FENAMAD show the Mashco Piro emerging more frequently in search of food as they avoid loggers. The photographs were taken in late June near the Brazilian border, and sightings have also been reported across the border in Brazil.

Scientists from the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) have successfully mapped Adam's Bridge, also known as Ram Setu, using NASA's ICESat-2 data. This ancient bridge, connecting India and Sri Lanka, has been charted with remarkable detail, revealing its continuity from Dhanushkodi to Talaimannar with 99.98% of the structure submerged. The high-resolution map, created with advanced laser technology, also uncovered 11 channels that contribute to the bridge's preservation. The findings offer new insights into the historical and cultural significance of the structure, which is mentioned in the Ramayana and was named Adam’s Bridge by an East India Company mapper.

The Madhya Pradesh State Wildlife Board has approved the proposal to designate Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary as the state's eighth tiger reserve. This decision is a key step in enhancing wildlife conservation efforts. The proposal, pending since 2008, now requires final approval from the Central Government before it can be officially notified. Once designated, Ratapani Tiger Reserve will be the first in India near a state capital. The sanctuary currently houses 3,123 wild animals, including 56 tigers and 70 leopards. The formal process for designation is expected to take up to two months following the Centre's approval.

The Indian government has officially dismissed a study that reported approximately 1.19 million excess deaths in India during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The study, conducted by a team of researchers and published in a peer-reviewed journal, highlighted a significant discrepancy between the reported COVID-19 death toll and actual fatalities attributed to the pandemic. However, government officials have criticized the study, claiming that its findings are based on flawed data and inaccurate assumptions. This dismissal has sparked ongoing debates about the accuracy of the official death counts and the overall impact of the pandemic in India, with the government emphasizing the rigor and comprehensiveness of its reported figures while advocating for transparency and accuracy in pandemic-related data reporting.

The Nipah virus has reemerged in Malappuram, with a 15-year-old boy in critical condition after testing positive for the virus. Health authorities are taking swift action to contain the outbreak, as the virus is known for its high fatality rate and severe respiratory illness. Rigorous contact tracing, isolation wards, and collaborative efforts with health organizations are underway to manage the situation. Residents are urged to adhere to health advisories to prevent further spread.

Researchers from the Botanical Survey of India (BSI) have identified a new plant species, Phlogacanthus sudhansusekharii, within the Itanagar Wildlife Sanctuary in Arunachal Pradesh. This species belongs to the Acanthaceae family and is named in honor of Dr. Sudhansu Sekhar Dash for his significant contributions to plant research in the Indian Himalayan region. The detailed findings have been published in the Indian Journal of Forestry by Samrat Goswami and Rohan Maity. The new species is closely related to Phlogacanthus guttatus but differs in key morphological features. Chief Minister Pema Khandu has celebrated this discovery as a testament to the rich biodiversity of Arunachal Pradesh and the importance of preserving natural heritage.

The Chandigarh-Dibrugarh Express encountered a tragic accident when 21 of its coaches derailed near Motiganj in Gonda, resulting in the loss of three lives and injuries to 29 passengers. The incident occurred as the train was en route to Dibrugarh in Assam, approximately 25km from Gonda. Loco pilot Tribhuvan Narain reported a loud sound and swinging electrical wires near Jhilahi railway station, leading to the application of emergency brakes and subsequent derailment. This incident adds to a series of recent fatal rail accidents, prompting a routine investigation by the Commissioner of Railway Safety and a high-level inquiry to uncover the cause of the derailment. The authorities have also announced ex gratia compensation for the victims and their families.

A groundbreaking discovery has identified a microcontinent in the Davis Strait, positioned between Greenland and Canada, linking the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay. This newly recognized landmass, known as the Davis Strait proto-microcontinent, offers fresh insights into the tectonic history of the North Atlantic. Recent research by geologists from Uppsala University and the University of Derby revealed a block of continental crust, 19-24 km thick, that separated from Greenland through east-west extension. Formed approximately 58 million years ago, this discovery enhances our understanding of microcontinent formation and has broader implications for studying plate tectonics globally. The region also presents unique opportunities for eco-tourism and educational expeditions.

The MV Sea Change, the world's first commercial passenger ferry powered entirely by hydrogen fuel, was launched at the San Francisco Ferry Building. This 70-foot catamaran can carry up to 75 passengers along the waterfront between Pier 41 and the downtown San Francisco ferry terminal starting July 19. Unlike diesel-powered ferries, the Sea Change emits only heat and water vapor, making it environmentally friendly. The ferry service will be free for six months as part of a pilot program. The vessel has a range of about 300 nautical miles and operates for 16 hours before refueling. The project, managed by SWITCH Maritime and constructed in California and Washington, aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the shipping industry, which contributes nearly 3% of global emissions.

A spade-toothed whale, a species never observed alive, was discovered dead on a New Zealand beach, providing a unique opportunity for scientific study. Identified by its distinct color patterns and skull features, the five-meter-long whale's remains are undergoing DNA testing. This rare find could yield significant insights into the little-known species, with only six samples documented worldwide. Local Māori communities, who regard whales as sacred, will participate in decisions regarding the whale's fate. The discovery marks a significant milestone in marine biology and conservation efforts.

In a remote area known for militant activity in Jammu and Kashmir's Doda district, a clash occurred today between security forces and militants. The confrontation ensued during a search operation prompted by intelligence reports of militant presence. Two soldiers sustained injuries in the exchange of fire and were evacuated for medical treatment. The incident underscores the persistent security challenges in the region, where security forces are actively engaged in maintaining law and order amidst volatile conditions.

The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has uncovered significant findings at the Bhojshala complex in Madhya Pradesh, revealing that the structure was built using remnants from an ancient temple. This discovery highlights the complex's historical and cultural importance, offering new insights into its origins and the architectural practices of ancient India. Local historians and archaeologists are keenly interested in these findings, which suggest an era of reuse and adaptation in the region's religious and cultural landscapes. The ASI plans to continue its research and excavation at the site, aiming to further illuminate the Bhojshala complex's history and construction methods, contributing significantly to the understanding of India's rich heritage.