A fisherman in Maharashtra's Palghar district fell victim to a bull shark attack on February 13 near Dongripada, marking the first sighting of such a shark 40km upstream in the Vaitarna River, near Manor. The incident left the fisherman, Vicky Govari, with severe injuries to his left leg. Despite rescue efforts by locals, the bull shark, weighing around 550 kg, ultimately died. Autopsy findings revealed the shark was pregnant with 15 pups. Local fishermen expressed surprise at the unprecedented presence of sharks in the area, emphasizing the absence of previous sightings. Experts attributed the shark's upstream journey to factors like food scarcity in the sea and changes in water dynamics. Additionally, alterations in the river ecosystem, including deep pits formed by sand excavation, have increased fish presence, attracting sharks. While investigations continue, opinions differ on the circumstances leading to the attack, with some suggesting human provocation.

Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) have joined forces to tackle the issue of rip currents, a significant coastal hazard. Through a collaborative project, they aim to continuously monitor and issue operational forecast alerts regarding rip currents. This initiative follows a preliminary experimental study conducted at RK beach, Visakhapatnam, a location notorious for drownings due to rip currents. Utilizing a coastal video surveillance system and advanced image processing techniques, researchers have successfully identified and mapped rip channels, crucial for beachgoer safety. Their pioneering work, utilizing tools like the Quantitative Coastal Imaging Toolbox (QCIT), has earned recognition, with their research paper receiving the best category paper award from the Journal of Indian Society of Remote Sensing in 2022.

Dr. Vivek Joshi, Secretary of the Department of Financial Services (DFS), chaired a significant conference in New Delhi aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of Debt Recovery Tribunals (DRTs) and Debt Recovery Appellate Tribunals (DRATs). The meeting, attended by senior officials from both public and private sector banks, as well as representatives from the Indian Bank Association (IBA) and the Ministry of Finance, focused on various strategies to expedite debt recovery processes. Discussions encompassed reducing pendency, proposing amendments to relevant regulations and acts, reviewing the performance of empanelled advocates, utilizing e-auction platforms, reconciling pending cases, and ensuring bank officers' presence at hearings.

A team of researchers has uncovered a new species of damselfly in the Ponmudi hills of Kerala's Thiruvananthapuram district. Named the Cliffside Bambootail (Phylloneura rupestris), this discovery marks the third damselfly species found in the region, known for its rich biodiversity. The genus Phylloneura, previously believed to be monotypic, gains a new member with this find, challenging previous understandings. Contrasting with the existing Myristica Bambootail, the Cliffside Bambootail exhibits unique egg-laying behavior, laying eggs in moss beds in seasonal rills flowing over rock cliffs. Published in the International Journal of Odonatology, this discovery underscores the necessity for comprehensive studies to grasp the biodiversity of the southern Western Ghats.

Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma has launched ambitious initiatives aimed at reclaiming 'chars'—sandbars or river 'islands'—and establishing heritage belts to safeguard the ecological integrity and cultural heritage of the Brahmaputra Valley. Under Mission Basundhara 4.0, efforts will be made to reclaim land in char areas, while heritage belts and blocks will be established to protect religious and historic sites from non-indigenous land acquisition. The government's progress under Mission Basundhara, particularly the relaxation of document requirements in its latest phase, has been highlighted, along with the political implications of these initiatives on key voter demographics in the region.

The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has taken action against Air India following the tragic death of an 80-year-old passenger at Mumbai airport. The incident occurred when the passenger, booked as a wheelchair passenger, collapsed due to the unavailability of wheelchair assistance. The DGCA issued a show cause notice to Air India, citing non-compliance with regulations regarding assistance to passengers with disabilities or reduced mobility. Additionally, CAR section 3, series ‘M’, part I mandates airlines to ensure seamless travel for such passengers, including providing adequate wheelchair assistance. Air India, acknowledging the incident as unfortunate, stated that it was in contact with the victim's family and providing necessary support.

Union Minister of State for Commerce and Industry, Anupriya Patel, reiterated the government's dedication to increasing farmers' income during her address at the 'Agri-Export: Capacity building cum buyer-seller meet' in Mirzapur. She emphasized efforts to enhance agricultural exports through the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA). Patel highlighted the importance of agricultural exports in bolstering the nation's foreign exchange reserves and uplifting farmers' livelihoods. Additionally, she underlined the government's focus on infrastructure development in various agricultural sectors and mentioned the upcoming establishment of the 'Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Niryat Suvidha Kendra' in Chunar, Mirzapur, to boost agricultural exports from the region. Abhishek Dev, chairman of APEDA, discussed the organization's commitment to enhancing export opportunities for Farmers' Producer Organizations (FPOs) and farmers, ensuring market linkages and export infrastructure development. He reassured continued efforts to support stakeholders in the agricultural export value chain through training and exposure to emerging market opportunities.

Over 100 residents, including women, trapped within the embankments of the Kosi River in Supaul, Bihar, embarked on a 250-kilometer padyatra to Patna, advocating for proper rehabilitation. The padyatra, spanning 12 days and involving individuals predominantly aged 40 and above, aimed to raise awareness about their dire living conditions and the government's neglect. Despite assurances from past leaders, including Nehru and Prasad, promises of rehabilitation remain unfulfilled, leaving inhabitants without basic facilities like schools and hospitals. The journey concluded with renowned activists expressing solidarity in Patna, highlighting the urgency for government action to address the longstanding grievances of Kosi embankment dwellers.

Union Minister Hardeep Puri lauded the PM SVANidhi scheme for its significant impact on restoring the dignity of street vendors, especially amidst the challenges posed by the pandemic. During the PM SVANidhi Mega Camp held in New Delhi, loans were disbursed to 10,000 street vendors, highlighting the scheme's commitment to supporting this vulnerable segment of society. With over 80.42 lakh loans distributed, totaling Rs. 10,678 crore, the scheme has played a crucial role in empowering street vendors across India. The event saw the presence of notable dignitaries including Delhi Lt. Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena, Union Minister of State for Finance Bhagwat Kishanrao Karad, and Minister of State for Culture Meenakashi Lekhi.

The Income Tax department froze all bank accounts of the Congress party due to discrepancies in filing its 2018-19 tax returns. Despite partial relief from the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal allowing operation of accounts with ₹115 crore in lien, the freeze has sparked accusations of an assault on democracy by the Narendra Modi government. Congress leaders criticized the move, citing it as an impediment to their functioning just before the general elections. Plans for legal appeals and protests have been announced in response to the perceived attack on democracy.

The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has launched 'Sangam: Digital Twin,' a groundbreaking initiative poised to transform infrastructure planning and design. By harnessing unified data, the initiative creates a digital replica of existing infrastructure, offering invaluable insights for future urban development endeavors. Through simulation and visualization capabilities, 'Sangam: Digital Twin' enables planners to assess the impact of interventions beforehand, promoting more sustainable and resilient infrastructure solutions. Moreover, the initiative fosters collaboration among stakeholders and promotes transparency in decision-making processes. 'Sangam: Digital Twin' represents a significant leap forward in leveraging technology to address the challenges of rapid urbanization, aiming to create smarter and more adaptable cities for the future.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has announced its 'Young Scientist Programme' or 'YUVIKA', designed to educate school children about space technology, science, and applications. The programme aims to inspire youngsters to pursue careers in STEM fields and foster a passion for innovation. With a structured schedule and selection criteria focusing on academic performance, extracurricular achievements, and rural representation, YUVIKA offers an exciting opportunity for students to explore the fascinating world of space science.

The Supreme Court's recent decision to permit the withdrawal of petitions contesting provisions of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) has sparked renewed discussion on the balance between civil liberties and national security. While the move sets aside legal challenges to the UAPA, concerns persist over the law's potential for misuse and its impact on individual freedoms. Proponents highlight the necessity of stringent measures for combating terrorism, while critics caution against the broad scope of the UAPA. The decision underscores the ongoing need for vigilance and debate on laws affecting fundamental rights in a democratic society.

Ten months after Chief Minister MK Stalin's announcement to fill all backlog government vacancies under the 4% quota for disabled persons through special exams and recruitment, no progress has been made. Visually impaired individuals, with a 1% internal reservation, have been protesting in Chennai for three days, demanding the government's promise to be fulfilled. Despite police action and detainment of protesters, demonstrations have persisted. The government issued a directive in July 2023, instructing departments to identify posts for disabled persons and provide age relaxations. Protesters demand CM intervention, special exams for recruitment, inclusive employment policies, and implementation of reservation in promotions.

The Supreme Court has taken up a significant case involving the eligibility of divorced Muslim women to seek maintenance under Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC). Following a special leave petition filed by Mohd Abdul Samad challenging a Telangana High Court order, the Supreme Court has appointed senior advocate Gaurav Agarwal as amicus curiae to assist in the matter. The petitioner's counsel argues that the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986, precludes divorced Muslim women from seeking maintenance under Section 125 of the CrPC. However, the High Court had previously ordered Mohd Abdul Samad to pay interim maintenance to his ex-wife, specifying deadlines for payment and instructing the Family Court to resolve the main matter expeditiously. The Supreme Court's decision on this case is anticipated to have implications on the interpretation of maintenance rights for divorced Muslim women under Indian law.

In a landmark decision, the Supreme Court has directed the State Bank of India (SBI) to cease the issuance of electoral bonds immediately. This directive comes alongside an order for the submission of comprehensive details regarding electoral bonds to the Election Commission by March 6. Electoral bonds, which serve as financial instruments for political party funding, have been a subject of controversy due to their lack of transparency and potential for misuse. The Supreme Court's decision underscores concerns regarding the constitutionality of the electoral bond scheme, with a unanimous verdict delivered by a five-judge Constitution bench led by Chief Justice DY Chandrachud. This move marks a significant development in India's electoral finance landscape and is expected to have far-reaching implications for political funding transparency and accountability.

Government officials and prominent figures from the food processing industry converged at the SUFALAM Startup Conclave 2024 to underscore the crucial role of startups in this sector. Union Minister of Food Processing, Shri Pashupati Kumar Paras, emphasized the significance of such events in fostering entrepreneurship and creating a conducive environment for startups. Minister of State, Ms. Shobha Karandlaje, highlighted the sector's potential in achieving the Prime Minister's vision of doubling farmers' income and enhancing India's global stature. Smt. Anita Praveen, Secretary of MoFPI, elaborated on the support schemes available for startups and stressed the importance of registration on the Start-Up India Portal. With participation from various stakeholders, the conclave featured knowledge and pitching sessions, along with an exhibition, promising to catalyze innovation and drive growth in the food processing industry.

Union Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports, Anurag Singh Thakur, facilitated the handover of the Chess Olympiad Torch to Budapest, Hungary, the official host of the 45th edition of the Chess Olympiad. The ceremony, held at Major Dhyanchand National Stadium in New Delhi, featured a friendly game of Chess between Anurag Singh Thakur and Indian Grand Master Vishwanathan Anand against FIDE President Arkady Dvorkovich and Hungarian Grand Master Judit Polgár. During the event, Minister Thakur emphasized the intellectual significance of Chess, referring to it as a reflection of strategic depth and philosophical wisdom. The upcoming Chess Olympiad in Budapest marks the continuation of this prestigious global event, with the first-ever Chess Olympiad Torch Relay initiated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 19th June 2022 at Delhi's Indira Gandhi Stadium.

The 16th Finance Commission (XVI-FC) recently convened its inaugural meeting under the leadership of Dr. Arvind Panagariya at Jawahar Vyapar Bhawan, New Delhi. During the meeting, the Commission discussed its Terms of Reference as outlined in the presidential order and Ministry of Finance notification. Emphasizing the importance of consultations, the Commission acknowledged the need for extensive engagement with various stakeholders, including State Governments, Local Bodies, and experts. Furthermore, it underscored the necessity of involving expertise from leading research organizations and think tanks in the area of fiscal federal relations. The Commission approved the establishment of its office in New Delhi and committed to presenting its recommendations by 31st October, 2025, covering a 5-year award period from 1st April, 2026.

Protesting farmers from Punjab maintain their presence along the boundary with Haryana as discussions between farmer representatives and Union Ministers are set for February 15. The farmers emphasize the need for a conducive environment for fruitful talks and demand a positive response from the government to their grievances, including legal assurance of the Minimum Support Price (MSP). Despite previous inconclusive meetings, the farmers persist in pressing for their demands, leading to heightened tensions and security measures at state borders. Punjab's healthcare system is on high alert, anticipating any emergencies arising from the ongoing protests, while political reactions vary between condemnation and criticism from different state authorities. Additionally, various farmer unions announce further support and actions, including blocking rail traffic and making toll plazas free in solidarity with the ongoing protests.

The government, led by Consumer Affairs Secretary Rohit Kumar Singh, has underscored the significance of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into the 'e-Jagriti' portal to alleviate the backlog of pending cases in consumer courts. This initiative aims to enhance the efficiency of the consumer dispute redressal process by providing a simple, fast, and cost-effective software solution. Through the integration of various consumer grievance platforms, stakeholders will benefit from streamlined case monitoring and management. Additionally, efforts to modernize the portal, including the launch of modernized CONFONET software by Union Minister Piyush Goyal, demonstrate a commitment to adapting to evolving consumer needs. The e-Jagriti platform boasts advanced features such as smart search utilizing AI technology and a virtual court facility, ultimately facilitating convenient and expeditious resolution of consumer complaints.

The Revenue and Disaster Management Department of Assam orchestrated a landmark event showcasing the integration of the National Generic Document Registration System (NDGRS) and Blockchain technology in the state's land records management. Spearheaded by Secretary of the Department of Land Resources, Smt. Nidhi Khare, and Special Chief Secretary Shri Syedain Abbasi, the rollout included the introduction of NDGRS throughout Assam and the pilot launch of Blockchain in land records in Darrang district. The NDGRS offers various features such as auto-calculation of fees and integration with multiple platforms, while Blockchain technology aims to revolutionize land records management by ensuring increased trust, auditability, traceability, and immutability of data. The Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN) serves as the unique blockchain ID, providing numerous benefits such as uniqueness in transactions and eliminating fraudulent activities. The successful implementation of these technologies promises enhanced efficiency, transparency, and security in property transactions across Assam.

The Union Tourism Ministry's ambitious endeavor to establish a rating system, the Swachhata Green Leaf Rating, aiming to ensure top-notch hygiene and sanitation standards in the hospitality sector encounters challenges as only a pilot project in Jammu and Kashmir has been initiated thus far. Despite multiple communications from the ministry, other states have shown no response. Launched in collaboration with the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, the initiative targets various lodging services and emphasizes improved sanitation facilities, waste management, and reduction of single-use plastics to promote sustainable tourism practices. However, to date, the response has been tepid, with government officials considering incentivizing participation to spur wider adoption, particularly in rural areas where smaller hospitality units could benefit from low-cost technologies. The proposed implementation involves a three-tiered committee structure, including Verification Sub-Committees at the sub-district level, District Committees chaired by District Collectors, and a State-level committee led by the Chief Secretary.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has launched the PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana, aiming to provide free electricity to beneficiaries. Under the scheme, the government plans to invest ₹75,000 crores to offer 300 units of free electricity per month to 1 crore households. The initiative, earlier announced by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, also promotes the adoption of rooftop solar systems and offers opportunities for entrepreneurship and employment in the solar energy sector. The application process involves registration on the official website, feasibility approval from DISCOM, installation of solar panels, and subsidy disbursement. The scheme is expected to result in significant annual savings for households and generate employment opportunities for youth with technical skills.

The Supreme Court lauded the cooperative approach demonstrated by both the Centre and Kerala in addressing the financial challenges faced by the state. Attorney General R. Venkataramani informed the court about the government's willingness to engage in dialogue, with Kerala confirming a delegation's readiness to meet with the Central team on February 14. Despite the absence of Kerala's Finance Minister due to budget commitments, urgency was emphasized, and the court scheduled the next hearing for further directions. The case originated from Kerala's complaint against perceived interference from the Centre in the state's legislative and executive powers, with both parties exchanging accusations regarding financial mismanagement. International Monetary Fund (IMF) data was cited to support Kerala's argument about India's fiscal challenges. The Court appreciated the cooperative stance of both parties, indicating a positive step towards cooperative federalism, and expressed commitment to continued cooperation from both ends.

The GROW (Greening and Restoration of Wasteland with Agroforestry) initiative, spearheaded by NITI Aayog, was officially launched today by Prof Ramesh Chand, Member, NITI Aayog, at the NITI Aayog premises. This ambitious project utilizes cutting-edge remote sensing and GIS technologies to evaluate the suitability of agroforestry across all districts in India. The initiative aims to address critical issues such as land degradation, carbon sequestration, and sub-optimal land use by promoting agroforestry on underutilized lands, particularly wastelands. The launch event witnessed the unveiling of the GROW-Suitability Mapping portal, providing state and district-level data accessible to all stakeholders. Notably, the initiative aligns with India's commitments to restore degraded land and contribute to global efforts for combating climate change. Experts emphasized the long-term benefits and the importance of space technology in agriculture during panel discussions, underlining the significance of the GROW initiative in achieving sustainable land management goals.

The Principal Scientific Advisor to the Government of India, Prof Ajay Kumar Sood, inaugurated the "Science for Women-A Technology & Innovation (SWATI)" Portal on the International Day of Women and Girls in Science at the Indian National Science Academy (INSA) in New Delhi. This portal, developed by the National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR) under the leadership of Dr. Subhra Chakraborty, aims to represent Indian women and girls in STEMM fields through a single online platform. It was emphasized during the launch event that the SWATI Portal will play a crucial role in addressing gender gap challenges and promoting inclusivity in science and technology. Eminent scientists, including Prof. Quarraisha Abdool Karim and Prof. CNR Rao, highlighted the importance of education in achieving gender parity. The portal features various sections catering to different categories of individuals in the STEMM fields and aims to include all Indian women in science, enabling long-term research on issues of equality and diversity. The launch event witnessed participation from distinguished scientists, speakers, entrepreneurs, and start-ups, indicating widespread support for the initiative to empower women in science and technology in India.

The Fund of Funds for Startups (FFS) scheme, launched under the Startup India programme in January 2016, has reported significant success in facilitating investments in the startup ecosystem. Managed by SIDBI, FFS focuses on early-stage funding for young companies, with investments totaling Rs 17,534 crore across 938 startups. Notably, 18 startups supported by FFS have achieved unicorn status. The scheme operates by providing capital to SEBI-registered AIFs, which then invest in growing Indian startups through equity and equity-linked instruments. Additionally, the FFS scheme has extended support to startups located beyond Tier 1 cities, with 129 such startups receiving investments amounting to Rs 1,590 crore. A CRISIL assessment, named Prabhaav, underscores the pivotal role of FFS in facilitating fundraising activities for startups, with 89% of respondents confirming its significance. Moreover, the Startup India programme, under the DPIIT, has recognized over 1.20 lakh startups, offering them various benefits such as tax exemptions, streamlined compliance processes, and self-certification options for labor and environmental laws compliance.

The recent ruling by the Supreme Court has affirmed the right of plaintiffs to file suits for declaration of title based on adverse possession, overturning the findings of the High Court. A Bench comprising Justices P.S. Narasimha and Aravind Kumar made this decision, citing the precedent set by the Judgment of Ravinder Kaur Grewal vs. Manjit Kaur. The ruling clarifies the legal standing for plaintiffs seeking declaration of title through adverse possession and sets a significant precedent for future cases.

The Supreme Court has invalidated a contentious order from the Andhra Pradesh High Court, which had strongly criticized the apex court's Collegium for transferring two Chief Justices. The High Court order, issued by Justice Rakesh Kumar, raised concerns over potential interference in the judiciary by the state government and accused Chief Minister Y S Jagan Mohan Reddy of attempting to undermine it. However, the Supreme Court bench, comprising Justices Bela M Trivedi and Pankaj Mithal, overturned these observations and resolved the matter. The High Court's remarks implied a deterioration of impartiality and integrity within the judicial system, with allegations of systematic attacks on various constitutional bodies by those in power.

The Indian government has introduced the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana, a comprehensive scheme aimed at revolutionizing the agricultural landscape and empowering farmers. The scheme focuses on reducing post-harvest losses, promoting food processing, creating additional income streams for farmers, and enhancing infrastructure and market linkages. By investing in modern facilities and encouraging value addition, the initiative holds the promise of improving the economic prospects of farmers and fostering growth in the agricultural sector.

During a hearing related to the West Bengal teachers' recruitment "scam," the Supreme Court emphasized the necessity for all advocates to undergo mandatory training, similar to the training provided to judges at the National Judicial Academy. Justices Bela M. Trivedi and Pankaj Mithal highlighted the lack of accountability for lawyers' actions and advocated for proper education and certification from recognized law universities before practicing law. The court directed the Additional Solicitor General to verify the existence of a summoning order and scheduled another hearing for further proceedings. The case involves allegations of irregularities in teacher recruitment, with investigations being conducted by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) focusing on tracking the money trail and examining recruitment practices.

The Supreme Court, on February 9, announced its decision to entertain a curative petition filed by the Airports Authority of India (AAI) regarding the operational management of Nagpur's Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport, which involves a dispute with the GMR Group. Recognizing the significance of the case, the Court deemed it necessary for a comprehensive review before reaching a final decision. As a result, a special bench of four judges, led by a designated judge, has been appointed to oversee the proceedings.

The Supreme Court of India has decided to review the insertion of the words "socialist" and "secular" into the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. This decision follows petitions challenging the legality of the amendment made in 1976 during the tenure of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. The petitions argue that the inclusion of these words contradicts the original intent of the Constitution makers, who deliberately omitted them during the drafting process. The court will explore whether Parliament had the authority to amend the Preamble, considering its significance as an essential feature of the Constitution. Justices Sanjiv Khanna and Dipankar Datta clarified that the issue is not about the possibility of amending the Preamble but rather whether such amendments are permissible given the historical context and significance of the original text. The next hearing is scheduled for April, where further discussions on this matter will take place.

The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) has introduced the 'Support to Students for Participating in Competitions Abroad' (SSPCA) scheme, aimed at enhancing the global competitiveness of Indian students in technical education. Under this initiative, students or student teams can receive financial support to participate in international scientific events, covering expenses such as travel, registration fees, accommodation, and equipment costs. The scheme also provides mentorship, logistical support, and networking opportunities. The AICTE chairman emphasized the importance of international competition participation in fostering skill development, knowledge exchange, and cultural enrichment. Eligible students need to apply offline to AICTE New Delhi at least two months before the event and submit required documents within one month after the competition.